Diabetes Complications Flashcards
What are the 3 main microvascular complications of diabetes?
Neuropathy
Nephropathy
Retinopathy
How does microvascular compromise generally occur in diabetes?
Reduced blood flow to small vessels, causing hypoperfusion of nerves in that area
Which part of the body is most susceptible to diabetic neuropathy?
Feet
What will peripheral neuropathy predominately cause?
Pain/loss of sensation in feet/hands
Neuropathy is more common in type 2 diabetes than type 1 diabetes. True/False?
False
Type 1 diabetes more common
What are the major complications of peripheral neuropathy?
Infections/ulcers
Deformities
Amputations
Autonomic neuropathy can cause gustatory sweating. What is this?
Abnormal function of sweat glands, causing profuse sweating at night/during meals
Diabetes is the commonest cause of kidney failure. True/False?
True
What is a reliable sign of diabetic kidney failure that should be screened for?
Raised albumin
There is established microalbuminuria in diabetics if the test is repeated twice and how many are positive?
2/3 positive
List causes of false positive tests for microalbuminuria
Menstruation Pregnancy UTI Vaginal discharge Non-diabetic renal disease
Which class of drugs is useful for diabetics with kidney failure?
ACE inhibitors
What eye pathologies do people with diabetes get?
Retinopathy
Cataract
Glaucoma
Visual blurring
What is the main sign of background retinopathy?
Leaky blood vessels (dots)
What are the main signs of proliferative retinopathy?
Angiogenesis (due to ischaemia)
Haemorrhage
Leaky blood
