Diabetes And Its Control

Question 1

Type I diabetes

Answer 1

• due to body being unable to produce insulin
• normally begins in childhood
• may be result of of an autoimmune response (immune system attacks own cells-B cells in islets of langerhans)
• develops quickly, symptoms are obvious

Question 2

Type II diabetes

Answer 2

• due to glycoprotein receptors on body cells loosing their responsiveness to insulin/inadequate supply of insulin from pancreas
• develops in people over 40 (increasing number of cases in adolescents-fat)
• develops slowly, symptoms less severe

Question 3

Control of type I diabetes

Answer 3

• injections of insulin 2-4 times a day
• dose of insulin must be equal to glucose intake
• blood glucose concentration is monitored using biosensor

Question 4

Give 3 ways someone with type I diabetes can lead a normal life

Answer 4

Injecting insulin, managing carbohydrate intake and exercising carefully

Question 5

Control of type II diabetes

Answer 5

• regulating intake of carbohydrate in the diet and matching this to the amount of exercise taken
• may be supplemented by injections of insulin or drugs that stimulate insulin production