Diabetes

Question 1

Effects of insulin

Answer 1

• dec appetitie
• dec glucagon
• inc glucose uptake by muscle, fat, etc
• inc glycolysis
• inc glycogen synthesis
• inc triglyceride (fat) synthesis
• inc amino acid uptake
• inc protein synthesis

Question 2

Effects of lack of insulin (primarily mediated by glucagon)

Answer 2

• inc appetite
• inc glucagon
• dec glucose uptake by muscle, fat, etc.
• inc blood glucose
• inc gluconeogenesis
• inc lipolysis
• inc protein breakdown
• inc glycogenolysis
• inc ketone body production → ketoacidosis
• dec protein synthesis

Question 3

Insulin secretion is stimulated by ________.

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

Glucagon secretion is inhibited by _________.

Answer 4

insulin

Question 5

How is gestational diabetes diagnosed?

Answer 5

• fasting blood glucose level of 92 mg/dL
• 1 hour level of 180 mg/dL
• 2 hour level of 153 mg/dL
• glucose levels are normally lower during pregnancy so the cutoff levels fo diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy are lower