Diabetes Flashcards
What is the presentation of type 1 diabetes?
- Fatigue
- Weightloss
- Polyuria/ polydipsia
Type 1 diabetes risk factors?
- Autoimmunity
- Genetic susceptibility
- Environmental exposure (to viruses and triggers in diet)
What is the presentation of type two diabetes?
- Polyuria
- Polydipsia
- Polyphagia
- Fatigue
- Weight-loss
Type 2 diabetes risk factors?
- Obesity
- Genetic’s
- Decreased physical activity
- Increased fat diet
What are the expected HbA1C levels?
- Normal: 40 mmol/mol is normal.
- Pre D: 41 to 49 mmol/mol
- Diabetes: 50 mmol/mol
What is the definition of T1DM?
- Pancreas produces little to no insulin
- Typically diagnosed as an adolescent
What is the definition of T2DM?
- Body does recognise or absorb insulin
- Typically after 45 years old
What is gestational diabeties?
- High blood sugar affecting pregnant woman
- Increased risk of T2DM development
What is the goal of managing diabeties?
- No hypo or hyperglycaemic episodes
- Weightloss/ management
- Nearly normal blood sugar levels
What are the acute emergiencies of diabeties?
- Hyper/ hypoglycaemic episodes
- Ketoaacidosis
What is keto acidosis?
- Not enough insulin in the body
- Body produces excess blood acids (ketones)
What are chronic complications of diabeties?
- Necrosis
- Neuropathy
- Eye disease
- Hypertension
What are oral therapies for T2DM?
- Metformin
- Novorapid
- Insulin
- Diet
What is hyper molar hyperglycaemic ketotic syndrome?
-Osmolarity from high blood sugar levels tries to expel through urine leading to severe dehydration.
What are the symptoms of HHKS?
- Dehydration
- Weakness
- Cramps
- Vision problems
