Diabetes

Question 1

Insulins never to mix

Answer 1

Detemir or glargine

Question 2

Mixing Rule Insulins

Answer 2

Clear before Cloudy (NPH = cloudy, regular = clear, fast-acting = clear)

Question 3

Rapid Acting Insulins

Answer 3

Aspart - NovoLog
Lispro - Humalog
Glulisine - Apridra

Give 15 mins before eating

Question 4

Short Acting Insulins and Intermediate (Basal)

Answer 4

Regular - Humulin R (OTC)
Give 30 minutes before eating

NPH - Humulin N (OTC)

Question 5

Long Acting Insulins

Answer 5

Glargine - Lantus

Detemir - Levemir

Question 6

Sulfonyureas, Meglitinides, Amino acid derivative MOA

Answer 6

stimulate release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells
Glyburide - Micronase/DiaBeta
Glipizide - Glucotrol/XL
Glimepiride
Repaglinide - Prandin
Nateglinide - Starlix

Question 7

Biguanide

Answer 7

Metformin - Glucophage
MOA - dec hep glucose prod, dec intest absorp glucose, improves insulin sensitivity
BB - Lactic Acidosis

Question 8

Alpha-glucosidae inhib

Answer 8

Acarbose
Miglitol

MOA - inhib pancreatice alpha-amylase and alpha glucosidaes, block carbs hydrolysis to glucose

Question 9

THZDs

Answer 9

Rosioglitazone - Avandia
Pioglitazone - Actos

MOS - PPAR gamma activator, improve insulin sensitivty

Question 10

Amylinomimetic

Answer 10

Pramlintide - Symlin

MOA - reduce postprand blood sugar, prolong gastric emptying, reduce postprand glucgon secretion, and caloric intake, appetite suppression

Question 11

GLP-1 Inhib

Answer 11

Exenatide - Byetta (BB warn acute pancreatitis and contraind type 1 DM)
Liraglutide - Victoza

MOA - inc insulin secretion, increase B-cell growth/replication, slows gastric emptying, dec food intake

Question 12

Dipeptidyl-pep 4 inhibitors

Answer 12

Sitagliptin - Januvia (Contraind Type 1 DM)
Saxagliptin

MOA - prolong active incretin levels of GLP and GIP