Diabetes Flashcards
Insulin Classes
Rapid Acting Short Acting Intermediate Acting Long Acting Inhalant Mixture
Rapid Acting Insulin
Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
Short Acting Insulin
Regular (Humilin R)
Regular (Novolin R)
Intermediate Acting Insulin
NPH (Humilin N)
NPH ( Novolin N)
Long Acting Insulin
Glargine (Lantus)
Detemir (Levemir)
Inhalant Insulin
Afrezza
Insulin Mixtures
70/30, Insulin Aspart Protamine/Insulin Aspart
75/25, Insulin Lispro Protamine/Insulin Lispro
50/50 Insulin Lispro Protamine/Insulin Lispro
70/30, NPH/Regular Humalin
70/30, NPH/Regular Novolin
Insulin -
Class MOA
Replaces (T1DM)
Supplements (T2DM)
Facilitates glucose uptake into peripheral tissues, inhibits hepatic glucose output and glucagon secretion.
Ultimately reduces glucose in circulation
Insulin:
Rapid/Short Acting - Clin Use
Bolus Insulins:
Control of post-prandial hyperglycemia
Insulin:
Intermediate/Long Acting - Clin Use
Basal Insulins
Controls fasting hyperglycemia
Insulin:
Inhalant - Clin Use
In T1DM must be used with a long-acting insulin
Not used in Diabetic Ketoacidosis or patients with respiratory complications
Insulin:
Adverse Effects
Hypoglycemia
Wet Gain
Lipodystrophies
Insulin
Drug Interactions
Any drug that increases/decreases blood glucose
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Lispro - Dose
Peak 30-190 mins
Give SQ 15 before or immediately after meals
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Aspart - Dose
Peak 40-50 mins
Give SQ 5-10 mins before meals”
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Glulisine - Dose
Peak 45-48 mins
Give SQ 15 mins before or within 20m after a meal
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Lispro - Notes
Can mix with NPH (clear before cloudy) Approved for CSII
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Aspart, Glulisine - Notes
Can mix with NPH:
Rapid before NPH (clear before cloudy) and inject immediately after mixing.
Approved for IV and CSII use
Short Acting Insulin:
Regular - Dose
Admin 30 mins prior to meals using a tuberculin syringe
Short Acting Insulin:
Regular - Notes
DOC for IV infusions U-500 dose is indicated for highly insulin resistant
Intermediate Acting Insulin:
NPH - Dose
Admin NOT in relation to meals;
Looks cloudy
Intermediate Acting Insulin:
NPH - Notes
Can mix with Aspart, glulisine, lispro and regular insulins
Greater risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia
Long Acting Insulin:
Glargine, Detmir - Dose
No significant peak
Do not mix with other insulins or dilute
Less risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia than NPH
Long Acting Insulin:
Detmir - Notes
Bound to Albumin
