Diabetes

Question 1

Hyperglycaemia, polydipsia (increased thirst), polyuria (increased urine), polyphagia (increased appetite), Kussmaul breathing (deep and rapid), diarrhea and vomiting.

Answer 1

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Question 2

Hyperglycaemia, polydipsia (increased thirst), polyuria (increased urine), polyphagia (increased appetite), diarrhea and vomiting.

Answer 2

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic Nonketotic State

Question 3

Confusion, blurred vision, difficulty concentrating, unusual behaviour, slurred speech, clumsiness, reduced GCS, seizures.

Answer 3

Hypoglycaemia

Question 4

Fever, high heart rate, high resp rate, shivering, confusion, hyperglycaemia.

Answer 4

Diabetic(?) with Sepsis

Question 5

Hypoglycaemia, hypotension, hyponatremia (low sodium), hyper-pigmentation on palms, D&V. Risk factors - long term steroid use, TB infection.

Answer 5

Addisonian Crisis

Question 6

What finding can differentiate Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic Nonketotic State?

Answer 6

Ketone level.
In DKA ketones will be high.