Diabetes

Question 1

Describe diabetes

Answer 1

Group of metabolic diseases in which there is high blood sugar over a prolonged period.

Fasting blood sugar; 2.2 – 6.1mmol/l and Radom blood sugar is 7.8 -11.1 mmol/l.

It produces symptoms of frequent urination, increased thirst and increased hunger.

Long term complications can affect the eyes, kidney, heart or cause foot ulcer

Question 2

List the types of diabetes

Answer 2

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational Diabetes

Question 3

Describe type 1 diabetes

Answer 3

Results from the body’s failure to produce enough insulin.

This form was previously referred to as “insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” (IDDM) or “juvenile diabetes”.

Linked to genotypes.

Onset trigged by viral infections (Coxsackie B4 virus) or diet

Question 4

Describe type 2 diabetes

Answer 4

Cells fail to respond to insulin properly as “non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” (NIDDM) or “adult-onset diabetes”.

It is linked to excessive body weight and not enough exercise

Question 5

Describe gestational diabetes

Answer 5

It is a third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop a high blood glucose level

Question 6

What are the management options of diabetes?

Answer 6

Use of insulin injection

Use of anti-diabetic drugs

Dietary and lifestyle modification

Regular medical checkup