Diabetes Flashcards
What are the three types of diabetes?
- Type 1
- Type 2
- Gestational Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
When the body produces very little insulin.
Symptoms of excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, blurred vision and fatigue can occur.
Occurs in individuals under 30.
Type 2 Diabetes
When your body is not using the insulin that is being produced.
Can be caused by medicine, pancreatic diseases, stress and being overweight.
More common in adults.
Gestational Diabetes
High blood glucose levels in pregnant mothers which than gets carried to the baby which can cause the baby to put on extra weight.
Insulin
A peptide hormone produced in the pancreas.
Allows body to absorb glucose and sugar from the blood.
Two main approaches of drug treatment for diabetes:
- Insulin by injection
- Blood lowering drugs taken by mouth (Oral Hypoglycemics)
Common orders for blood glucose testing are:
Chemstrip qid
Accucheck tid
Glucometer bid
What is the normal blood sugar before meals?
4-7 mmol/L
How can DR. write insulin orders?
- Pre-determined or set dose
- Sliding Scale Insulin
UC’s Responsibilities for Insulin Orders
- POS- Symbol MAR, CP/fax sent @
- MAR- Record on scheduled MAR as the order is written (Under the insulin order write Glucometer daily and time for the nurse to do the glucometer.
- Diabetes Record
Diabetics Diet
Diabetic Small: 1500-1800 calories
Diabetic Medium: 1900-2200
Diabetic Large: 2300-2600
Types of Insulin
Humulin N/
Humulin R/
Lente
NPH- Neutral Protamine Hagedorn
Toronto
Insulin Lispro
Glargine
Humalog
Novolin
Lantus
Insulin Regular
Insulins
Necessary for metabolism of carbohydrates.
In the relative or complete absence of insulin, an excess of sugar exits in the blood.
