Diabetes

Question 1

start screening for DM at what age ?

Answer 1

35

Question 2

In T1DM when to start celiac screening ?

Answer 2

At diagnosis then every 2 years

Question 3

Newly diagnosed DM
What is the appropriate management (according to HbA1c)

Answer 3

HbA1c <7.5 : life style
HbA1c 7.5-9.5 : life style + metformin
HbA1c >9.5 : insulin

Question 4

What is your approach to
Metformin monotherapy failure?

Answer 4

If HbA1c <8.5 : add sulfonylurea
HbA1c >8.5 : add insulin

Question 5

What is the management of DKA?

Answer 5

Insulin infusion (regular)
IVF - dextrose
Potassium

Question 6

the appropriate rate for serum glucose reduction in patient with DKA is […]

Answer 6

100 mg/dl/h
6 mmol/L/h
#prevent cerebral edema

Question 7

DM complications:

Answer 7

Microvascular:
Nephropathy
Opthalmopathy, glaucoma
Macrovascular:
CVD
Stroke
PVD
Osmotic damage:
Neuropathy
Cataract

Question 8

Down Regulation

Answer 8

Morning hyperglycemia
🔹nocturnal 🔝GH = hyperglycemia
🔆 3 am glucose 🔺
Inc evening insulin dose

Question 9

Somogyi effect

Answer 9

Morning hyperglycemia
🔹rebound response to nocturnal hypoglycemia
🔆 3 am glucose 🔺
Dec evening insulin dose

Question 10

Honeymoon period

Answer 10

T1DM
Initial episode of DKA followed by symptom free interval, recurrent hypoglycemia
Dec insulin dose

Question 11

What diabetic medications may cause weight gain ?

Answer 11

Insulin
Sulfonylurea
Thiazolidinediones

Question 12

What diabetic medications may cause hypoglycemia ?

Answer 12

Insulin
Sulfonylurea
Pramlintide ( Amylin analog )

Question 13

[…] is the antidiabetic of choice in IHD

Answer 13

GLP-1 analogs
“Exenatide, liraglutide”

Question 14

[…] is the antidiabetic of choice in HF & CKD

Answer 14

SGLT-2 inhibitors
“-glifs”

Question 15

What antidiabetic medication reduce mortality ?

Answer 15

SGLT-2 inhibitors
“-glifs”

Question 16

Patient with painful diabetic neuropathy
Can benefit from […]

Answer 16

Amitriptyline (TCAs)
Pregabaline
Gabapentin

Question 17

Side effects of
Biguanides

Answer 17

-Lactic acidosis
-Vit B12 deficiency
-❌Renal insufficiency

Question 18

Side effects of
Thiazolidinediones

Answer 18

-HF
-Edema
-wt 🔺
-fractures

Question 19

Side effects of
Sulfonylurea

Answer 19

-Hypoglycemia
-wt 🔺
-❌Renal insufficiency
-(1st gen): Disulfirum-like reaction

Question 20

Side effects of
Maglitinides

Answer 20

-Hypoglycemia
- wt 🔺

Question 21

Side effects of
GLP-1 analogs

Answer 21

-N/V
-pancreatitis

Question 22

Side effects of
SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer 22

-Glucosuria
-Dehydration

Question 23

What group of antidiabetic medication is
”glits”
💊Pioglitazone
💊Rosiglitazone

Answer 23

Thiazolidinediones

Question 24

What group of antidiabetic medication is
”glifs”
💊Empagliflozin

Answer 24

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Question 25

What group of antidiabetic medication is
”glips”
💊Sitagliptin
💊Linagliptin

Answer 25

DPP-4 inhibitors

Question 26

What group of antidiabetic medication is
”glins”
💊Nateglinide
💊Repaglinide

Answer 26

Meglitinides

Question 27

What group of antidiabetic medication is
”Pramlintide”

Answer 27

Amylin analogs

Question 28

What group of antidiabetic medication is
💊 Tolbutamide
💊Chloropromide

Answer 28

SFU (1st gen)

Question 29

What group of antidiabetic medication is
💊 Glipizide
💊Glyburide

Answer 29

SFU (2nd gen)

Question 30

At which GFR metformin is harmful for Diabetic patients ?

Answer 30

GFR less than
<30