Diabetes

Question 1

What are the diagnostic criteria for pre-diabetes?

Answer 1

Pre-diabetes of “at risk for diabetes” is diagnosed by one of the following methods and criteria:

(1) Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) — 100-125
(2) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT — 140-199
(3) Hemoglobin A1C (%) — 5.7-6.4

Question 2

What are the normal values for fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and hemoglobin A1C%?

Answer 2

The normal values for fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and hemoglobin A1C% are the following:

(1) Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) — <100
(2) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT — <140
(3) Hemoglobin A1C (%) — <5.7

Question 3

What are the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?

Answer 3

Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed by one of the following methods and criteria:

(1) Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) — >126
(2) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT — >200
(3) Hemoglobin A1C (%) — >6.5

Question 4

What are the targets for hemoglobin A1C (%) and blood glucose targets for patients with diabetes mellitus?

Answer 4

The goal for hemoglobin A1C(%) for patients with diabetes mellitus is <7% without hypoglycemia.

The blood glucose targets for patients with diabetes mellitus are the following:

Pre meal: 80-130 mg/dL
Post meal: <180 mg/dL

Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM):

Time in range (70-180 mg/dL) > 70% of the time
Time in range for frail patients or patients with a high risk for hypoglycemia: >50%