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Diabetes > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

State three risk factors of diabetes

A

Hereditary, Diet, Obesity

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2
Q

How many types are there

A

Two

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3
Q

List the types and the name

A

Type 1-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Type 2-Non-insulin dependent

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4
Q

What type occurs in young patients

A

Type 1

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5
Q

Type 2 occurs in which group of people

A

Middle-aged or elderly

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6
Q

What is hyperglycemia

A

Increase in Blood sugar levels

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7
Q

True /False- patients who are often obese do not need insulin. State why

A

True, they use oral meds

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8
Q

Signs & symptoms

A

Polyuria, polydypsia, polyphagia, weight loss in spite of increased appetite.
Persistent tiredness/weakness
Blurring of vision

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9
Q

Complications include

A 
Coma
Nerve damage 
Kidney damage
Infection
Blindness
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10
Q

What is necrosis

A

The localized death of cells or tissues through injury, disease, or the interruption of blood supply.

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11
Q

What Is gangrene

A

The necrosis or rotting of flesh, usually caused by lack of blood supply.
If gangrene sets in, we may have to amputate the foot.

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12
Q

Two ways in which coma may occur

A
  1. Over-medication/overdose or

2. insufficient or no medication

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13
Q

What are cataracts?

A

Clouding of the lens

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14
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

Increased pressure within the eye ball.

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15
Q

At what time should insulin be given?

A

1/2 hour before meal

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16
Q

Effects of hypoglycemia

A

Fatigue, hunger, headache

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17
Q

Effects of hyperglycaemia

A

Fruity-smelling breath; Dry mouth; Excessive hunger, thirst

18
Q

List some oral meds

A

Metformin , diamicron, chlorproamide

19
Q

How do you administer insulin, where is it placed?

A

Injection under the skin

20
Q

Insulin can be taken by mouth, true or false

A

False

21
Q

Two common types of insulin

A

Soluble insulin

Lente insulin

22
Q

Soluble insulin description

A

Clear solution

23
Q

Lente insulin

A

Cloudy suspension

24
Q

Storage of insulin. If not , what happens

A

Cool place, spoilage occurs if not

25
Q

When Lente insulin spoils how does it look

A

Forms white clumps which stick inside of the container leaving a clear liquid

26
Q

When soluble insulin spoils how does it look

A

Becomes cloudy

27
Q

Which insulin bottle do you rotate to avoid air bubbles forming? Why?

A

Lente insulin, to ensure even distribution

28
Q

Humor means

A

Amusing

29
Q

Invert means

A

Upside down or inside out

30
Q

Describe how you administer insulin.

A

Rotates bottle of insulin gently to avoid air bubbles forming, lenti insulin only this ensures that the insulin is evenly distributed. Use alcohol swab to clean Rubber seal. Insert insulin needle and invert bottle. Should slowly withdraw required amount of insulin. If bubbles are seen push insulin back into the bottle and withdraw again. Prepare the site for injection by cleaning skin with a sterile alcohol swab. Insert needle into skin so that syringe is perpendicular to skin surface. Pull back on plunger of syringe. If blood enters the syringe with your needle and choose another site for injection. If nobody seen, then inject insulin quickly and remove needle.

31
Q

Things used to man insulin

A

Pork, beef, human

32
Q

Allergy to insulin include

A

Headache /dizziness/itching/rash

33
Q

What must you do if hypoglycemic is suspected

A

Give a sweet drink or candy

34
Q

How do we monitor diabtes

A

Urine and blood testing

35
Q

Orthopedic means

A

The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of disorders of the bones and associated muscles and joints

36
Q

Podiatrist means

A

(medicine) A health care practitioner who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of foot ailments.

37
Q

Which method of diabetes testing is best for pregnancy

A

Blood testing is more accurate

38
Q

Complacent means

A

Self-satisfied

39
Q

The 4 P’s of diabetes

A

Polyuria
Polyphasia
Pruritus
Polydipsia

40
Q

Vivid

A

producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind.

“memories of that evening were still vivid”

Diabetes (1 decks)

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