Diabetes Flashcards
three groups to screen for DM
45+
BMI 25+
HTN
random sugar above what is DM?
200
fasting sugar 2x above what is DM?
125
fasting sugar 2x below what is not DM
100
fasting sugar between 100-125 means what
pre DM
2 hr OGTT diabetes and normal cutoff
200+ is DM
140 and below is normal
inbetween is prediabetes
what is rx for prediabetes?
lifestyle and metformin
what do you have to watch out for with metformin?
those with CKD at increased risk of lactic acidosis
what is first line therapy for DM?
metformin and lifestyle
what is second line therapy for DM??
add second oral agent
what is third line therapy for DM?
add insulin
when do you start insulin regardless in DM management?
a1c greater than 9.0
a1c cutoff for prediabetes and diabetes
- 7 pre
6. 5 DM
what is MC SE of metformin
diarrhea
what do you have to watch out for with glipizide (sulfonylureas)?
hypoglycemia
what is SE of glitizones?
wt gain and contraindicated with CHF
what is contraindiction to glitizones?
CHF
what can SGLT2 inhibitors cause?
DKA
what three things should be checked yearly with DM?
retinal exam
foot exam
urinalysis
what is preferred insulin therapy
basal bolus
explain basal bolus insulin therapy
basal at night, bolus every meal
2 LA insulins
lantis and levemir
2 rapidinsulins
novolog and humalog
2 mixed insulins
novolin and humalin
