Diabetes

Question 1

2 Functions of the Pancreas: Exocrine and Endocrine

Answer 1

1. Exocrine: produces digestive enzymes

2. Endocrine: produces insulin and glucagons

Question 2

What is diabetes?

Answer 2

systemic disorder caused by defective or deficient insulin action and disrupted metabolism of carbohydrates/fats/proteins.

Question 3

Type 1

Answer 3

Insuin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) also known as juvenile. Beta cells in pancreas are destroyed (immune mediated) resulting in absolute insulin deficiency.

Question 4

Type 2

Answer 4

Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) also known as adult onset. Defective insulin production and/or impaired receptor binding of insulin.

Question 5

Hypoglycemia: symptoms

Answer 5

Pale/Cool/Sweaty skin. (CLAMMY)
Disoriented, Agitated, Slurred Speech.
Headache, weak/shaky, LOC.
Tachycardia, palpitations.

Question 6

Hyperglycemia: symptoms

Answer 6

Dry/Flushed skin.
Fruity breath.
Dizziness, Fatigue, Blurred vision.
Polyuria/Polydipsia/extreme hunger.
Unusual weight loss, Fungal infections.

Question 7

Normal Blood Sugar Values

Answer 7

Typically around 100mg/dL.
Goal to maintain btw 80-120.
>180 is hyperglycemic
<50 is hypoglycemic

Question 8

Exercise Guidelines

Answer 8

Avoid Ex if glucose > 250
70 or below, give snack and retest in 15 min
70-100 administer carb is symptoms present
Exercise 1 hour post meals
OR 2-4 hours after insulin injection