DI Resources Flashcards
What is Tertiary Literature?
– Clinical practice guidelines
– Review articles
– Compendia
– Textbooks
What is made up of tertiary literature?
Practice Guidelines Textbooks Prescribing Information from Co. Compendia Compounding IV Compatibility Dietary Supplements Pediatrics & Neonates Pregnancy & Lactation Geriatrics Law Clinical Toxicology Foreign Drug Reference The Orange Book
What are the strengths and weaknesses of tertiary literature?
• Strengths
– Ease of use
– Convenience
• Weaknesses
– Information may be outdated quickly since drug information is published at a rapid pace (443,000 biomed articles / year)
– Bias & misinterpretation of research are also concerns with tertiary literature.
What is Secondary Literature?
– Secondary literature sources act as an intermediary between primary and tertiary literature.
– They provide a direct link to both original research articles and reviews.
When pharmacists say they have performed a comprehensive literature search, they usually mean that they have exhaustively searched all of the following secondary resources:
– MEDLINE/PubMed
– CINAHL (Clinical Index to Nursing and Allied Health
Literature)
– EMBASE
– IPA (International Pharmaceutical Abstracts)
– IDIS (Iowa Drug Information Service)
– Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses
What are the strengths and weaknesses of secondary literature?
• Strengths
– There are many different secondary sources to
help you locate primary literature.
– Most of these sources are internet-based.
• Weaknesses
– Some secondary sources can require costly subscriptions (Embase, CINAHL, IPA, IDIS, SCOPUS, etc.)
What is Primary Literature?
Primary literature is the foundation on which all other literature sources are built.
– It’s original research that can include published and unpublished work.
It’s the last step in the research process because it’s the most specific type of literature.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of primary literature?
• Strengths
– You can obtain the most relevant information about a topic that allows the researcher to independently evaluate the information.
– It’s the most current source of information
• Weaknesses
– It takes time and expertise to conduct a full evaluation of primary literature.
How long does it take to publish primary literature?
Several months to a year
How often is tertiary literature updated?
Every 3 to 4 years (especially textbooks)
Which of the following is an example of a tertiary literature resource?
a) The Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (JAPhA)
b) MEDLINE/PubMed
c) Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)
d) Drug Information: A Guide for Pharmacists, 4th ed.
d) Drug Information: A Guide for Pharmacists, 4th ed.
Tertiary drug compendia include which of the following (choose all that apply):
a) Clinical Pharmacology (Gold Standard)
b) Drug Facts and Comparisons (Wolters-Kluwer)
c) Micromedex (Truven Health)
d) International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA)
a) Clinical Pharmacology (Gold Standard)
b) Drug Facts and Comparisons (Wolters-Kluwer)
c) Micromedex (Truven Health)
Which of the following resources should be referenced first in order to find the name of a specific drug marketed in Great Britain?
a) The Orange Book
b) Drugs@FDA
c) AHFS Drug Information
d) Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
d) Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
Which of the following resources would be critical to posses and reference when working in a neonatal intensive care unit?
a) AHFS Drug Information
b) Trissel’s Injectable Drugs
c) Neofax
d) Geriatric Dosing Handbook (Lexi)
c) Neofax
According to The Orange Book, a drug can been said to have therapeutic equivalence to the reference listed drug (RLD) after which of the following have first been established? Choose all that apply.
a) Bioequivalence
b) Pharmaceutical Equivalence
c) Comparative Efficacy
d) Dispensational Equivalence
a) Bioequivalence
b) Pharmaceutical Equivalence
