DI and MH

Question 0

_________is an uncommon condition that occurs when the kidneys are unable to conserve water as they perform their function of filtering blood. The amount of water conserved is controlled by ______

Answer 0

Diabetes Insipidus. ADH or Vasopressin

Question 1

Two types of DI and its definition

Answer 1

Central- lack of ADH

Peripheral- ADH receptor are insensitive

Question 2

Give at least 4 functions of kidneys

Answer 2

1. Gluconeogenesis
2. Excretion of waste product
3. Blood pressure regulation
4. Production of ERYTHROPOIETIN

Question 3

Normal Plasma osmolarity

Answer 3

300 mOsm/L

Question 5

Anatomical location and function of thirst center

Answer 5

Preoptic Nuclei, anteroventral wall of 3rd ventricle

. Fxn- works in tandem with ADH to maintain normal plasma osmolarity

Question 6

Stimulants and inhibitors of ADH production

Answer 6

Stimulants- inc. plasma osmolarity, dec. BP and BV

Inhibitor- ROH, clonidine, Haloperidol

Question 8

Typically sterile liquid byproduct of the body secreted by the kidneys. Ultrafiltrate of blood

Answer 8

Urine

Question 9

Biochemical basis of malignant hyperthermia

Answer 9

Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

Diagnosis of DI

Answer 12

1. Measurement of water
2. Water deprivation test
3. Measure ADH level

Question 13

DOC for malignant hyperthermia

Answer 13

DANTROLENE

Question 14

Normal urine osmolarity

Answer 14

50-1400mOsm/L

Ave= 500-800mOsm/L

Question 15

Clinical signs of MH?

Answer 15

Increase END TIDAL CO2
Tachy2 Hyper (tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperkalemia)
Muscle rigidity

Question 16

Mechanism of water gain and water loss

Answer 16

WG- drinking, eating

WL- defacation, Respiration, Perspiration, Urination

Question 17

Term for breakdown of muscle cells

Answer 17

Rabdomyolysis

Question 18

Treatment of malignant hyperthermia

Answer 18

DOC- DANTROLENE

Supportive- to dec. temperature, correct blood gas

Question 19

What triggers MH?

Answer 19

Volatile inhalational anesthetic agents and muscle relaxant succinylcholine. HALOPERIDOL

Question 20

Site of production, storage and secretion of ADH

Answer 20

Produce- supra optic nuclei, anterior hypothalamus

Stored- posterior pituitary gland

Question 22

What is the defect receptor in the skeletal muscle that interferes with regulation of calcium in the muscle

Answer 22

Ryanodine receptor

Question 24

A disease characterize as excessive thirst and excretion of large amount of severely diluted urine

Answer 24

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 25

A life threatening clinical syndrome of hypermetabolism involving the skeletal muscle

Answer 25

Malignant hyperthermia

Question 26

Treatment for DI

Answer 26

Central- DESMOPRESSIN

Peripheral- INDOMETHACIN, thiazides, Low Na diet