Dhy Exam 1 Flashcards
- Keeps fluid in
- Foreign materials out
- chain of lipids between two layers of protein
- semipermeable
Cell Membrane
Diffusion of water
Osmosis
- Opposite a passive form of transport
- higher concentration
- chemical energy is REQUIRED
Active transport
Engulf liquids
Pinocytosis
Ingests :
- microorganisms
- other cells
- foreign particles
Phagocytosis
- Fluid medium
- 60-75% water
Cytoplasm
- near the nucleus
- two centrioles
- cell division
Centrosome
- Interconnecting tubules
- protein production
Endoplasmic Reticulium
- Produces & Packages proteins for external use
- produces lysosomes
Golgi Apparatus
Powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
Thread like structures
Microfilaments
- Tubular Structures
-Support long cellular processes
~cilia
Microtubules
- THICKER thread like microscopic structures
- Tonofibrils: are a type
Intermediate Filaments
What tissue has no direct blood supply?
Epithelial Tissue
What tissue functions is to absorb, filter,protect, secrete?
Epithelial Tissue
Scale like
Squamous
Cube shaped
Cuboidal
Tall and narrow
Columnar
- Located: areas with no friction
- function:absorption, secretion, filtration
Simple
- located: more durable tissue
- Function: protection
Stratified
Type of epithelial.. Lungs, abdominal cavity, blood vessels, bowmans capsule of kidney
Simple squamous
Type of epithelium.. salivary glands, tubules in kidney, ovary surface, pancrease?
Simple cuboidal
Type of epithelia.. digestive tract, uterus, glands
Simple columnar
- appears to be stratified
- lines respiratory tract
Pseudostratified Epithelium
Mucous secretions
Goblet cells
- rare in body
- large ducts of some glands
- small amounts in male uretha
Stratified cuboidal or columnar
Lines oral cavity
Stratified squamous Epithelium
Separates epithelium from connective tissue
Basement membrane
Round attachment plaques between
Two cells
Desmosomes
Attachment plaques between a cell and a non cellular surface
Hemidesmosmes
- fused cell membranes
- prevents movement
- ducts
Tight junctions
- plaque shaped junction contains a channel
- communication & coordination of activities
- muscle tissue
Gap junction
Collagen, reticulum , elastic, oxytalan
Types of intercellular substance ( fibrous)
Types of tissues ?
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
Calcified support structure
Bone
What cells make up bone?
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Calcium and phosphorus crystals?
Hydroxyapatite
What two ways do bone form?
1) intramembranous
2) Endochondral
What is bone nourished by?
Haversian system
Hydroxyapatite crystals deposited
Intramembranous
- cartilage forms first
- cartilage invites by bone cells
- replace cartilage with bone
Endochondral
Embryonic origin
- mesoderm
Mesenchymal cells
Connective fibers
Collagen
Elastic reticular
- nonelastic
- holds substances together
- hold substances together
Collagen
Non elastic
Fine and branched
Organs framework
Reticular
What is connective tissue largely composed of ?
Intercellular substance
Type of connective tissue that is Sponge like;makes up subcutaneous tissue & superficial facia, attaches skin to muscle ?
Loose areolar
What tissue stores fat & found in superficial facia along with the loose areolar ?
Adipose
Connective tissue that produces blood cells, removes worn blood cells, occurres in two forms
Hemopoietic tissue
What does red bone marrow produce ?
Erythrocytes & White blood cells & Lymphocytes
- Exists as nonmineralized tissue
- I’m fetus acts as pattern for bone
- nose,eat, trachea
Cartilage
What connective tissue contains no nerves or blood vessels?
Cartilage
What is cartilage made up of?
Chondroblasts & chondrocytes
3 types of cartilage?
- fibrous
- elastic
- hyaline
Contains collagen & reticular fibers; found in intervertebral discs, TMJ in later years, public symphysis
Fibrous tissue
Contains elastic fibers; found in epiglottis over larynx & in ears (EAC)
Elastic cartilage
Firmer than other cartilages; found in adults.. larynx, trachea, nose,rubs, joints
Hyaline
- Calcifies support structure
- dense intercellular substance
Bone tissue
Cells that make up bone tissue ?
Osteocytes &osteoclasts
General function is to prevent leakage of transported solutes and water and seals the paracellular pathway
Tight junction
Connects the cytoplasm of two cells, which allows molecules, ions, and electrical impulses to directly pass through
Gap Junction
- Protein complexes that occur at cell to cell junctions, in epithelial and endothelial tissue.
- more basal than right junctions
Adherents junctions
Single layer of flattened cells;
Simple squamous epithelial
This epithelium is often associated with absorption, secretion, or excretion of waste matter..
Simple cuboidal
Single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide
Single columnar epithelium
Appears to be stratified because the nuclei of the epithelial cells are at different levels.
Pseudostratified
Has multiple layers of cells becoming flattened as they move from the basal layer to the apical layers.
Stratified squamous Epithelium
Outermost layer of cells; found in lining of larger ducts; esophagus
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Restricted to the urinary tract
Transitional epithelium
