Deviant Youth Cultures Flashcards
What is a deviant youth culture?
A culture made up of young people who engage in behaviours that contradict what the main society considers acceptable
What is another name for Deviant youth culture members?
Delinquent
Which spectacular youth cultures can be considered deviant?
Teddy Boys Late Skinheads Punks
What do people in gangs desire?
Status, respect, material wealth, sense of belonging
Status, respect, material wealth, sense of belonging
People who come from dysfunctional families and want a sense of belongingPeople who want to make a lot of money in the illegitimate way
Who made the study ‘Gang Leader for a day’?
Venkatesh
What did Venkatesh quickly see evidence of with the gang structure?
There was a hierarchy with the younger people on the lower levels
Why did JT, the Chicago gang leader come back to the projects in the first place?
He got a college degree and was highly qualified. He felt due to his colour, he would not be able to achieve a high status in legitimate employment so turned to crime
Why did young men join JT’s gang?
A sense of belonging, a desire for money and status. Potentially just something to make life less boring as barely anyone was employed in the projects
What is Hardings Casino analogy for gangs?
Members feel like they are winning by gaining money and status, but overall they are losing as they could get killed or arrested
What is a type of gang associated with the Casino analogy?
County Lines gangs
What are the backgrounds of young people who join County Lines?
They are often vulnerable and may also want to buy things but have no money to do so
How much is County Lines worth a day?
3 million pounds a day
What is an age and wage example for County lines children?
Children as young as 12 making £300 a week to sell drugs
What is a lethal danger of County lines involvement?
Getting stabbed by an enemy gang or as punishment
How can Hardings analogy be applied to County lines?
The young people feel they are winning by making lots of money but are losing as they could die doing the work
Who created the Girls in gangs study?
Batchelor
Which two sociologists did a study on Criminal, Conflict and Retreatist subcultures?
Cloward and Ohlin
What is opportunity theory?
Suggests that for deviance to occur, people must have access to illegitimate opportunity structures
Which 3 different types of Deviant Subculture did Cloward and Ohlin identify?
Criminal Subculture Conflict Subculture Retreatist Subculture
What occurs in the Criminal subculture?
Youths join a criminal group run by adults. They are run like a business and yield financial reward.
What happens in the Conflict Subculture?
Youths clash with other groups to protect their territory in gangs. Also sell drugs
What happens in the Retreatist subculture?
Youths opt out of society and turn to drugs and alcohol etc
What do anti school subcultures do?
Reject norms and values of the education system and their school
Why do youths join antischool subcultures?
Often due to the young person feeling they do not belong in the education system possibly due to their class
What sociological theory did Willis follow?
Marxism
What did Willis do in his study?
Spent 18 months with young working class men from school in to work.
What did Willis find about how their subculture acted?
It was “cool” to fail. These boys did not want praise from their teachers
What did Willis conclude from his study?
School did not work well as an agent of socialisation. There was no value consensus as lots of pupils rejected norms and values of the school
What did the boys do once they got in to work?
They had similar attitudes which were now developed to pass the time in factories
