Developmental Variations and Reflexes

Question 1

Red flags for development (7)

Answer 1

assymetry of movement; not reaching for objects by 6 months; unable to sit unsupported by 12 months; unable to walk by 18 months; no speech by 18 months; loss of skills

Question 2

Screening that occurs in down syndrome (7)

Answer 2

Cardiac; vision; hearing; thyroid function; sleep related breathing disorders; growth charts; development

Question 3

What do you check if a child is not walking by 18 months ?

Answer 3

CK

Question 4

Conditions causing motor delays

Answer 4

Duchenne muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, co-ordination disorders

Question 5

Manoeuvre seen by children with Duchennes?

Answer 5

Gower’s manoevure

Question 6

Conditions associated with cerebral palsy

Answer 6

Epilepsy, hearing and visual impairement, feeding difficulties, mobility problems

Question 7

Autistic Triad

Answer 7

Communication, social interaction and flexibility of thought/imagination

Question 8

ATNR reflex should be lost by…

Answer 8

3-4 months

Question 9

What is the ATNR reflex?

Answer 9

when you lie out with head to one side, contalateral arm and leg spread out to “save” from falling

Question 10

What is the parachute reflex?

Answer 10

when a child puts a hand out to the side they are falling on

Question 11

When should the parachute reflex be in place?

Answer 11

5-7 months

Question 12

limit age of social smile

Answer 12

8 weeks

Question 13

4 reflexes that you should lose

Answer 13

Moro, Stepping and placing, palmar and plantar reflex, sucking and rooting

Question 14

If a child is not eating with a spoon or with appropriate utensils look out for…

Answer 14

parents being overly concerned about mess and thus not letting child try…

Question 15

If a child has fine motor delay, check what…

Answer 15

vision

Question 16

Normal variations of crawling

Answer 16

bumshuffling, commando crawl, torpedo shuffle, 4 point crawling

Question 17

Walking limit age

Answer 17

18 months

Question 18

Rett’s syndrome

Answer 18

girls who develop normally for a year and then start regressing

Question 19

Signs of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 19

Gower’s manouevre, pseudohypertrophy of calf, lumbar lordosis (pelvic weakness)

Question 20

Difference in communication for ASD children

Answer 20

expressive > receptive language, learn language well and may sound advanced but not necessarily understanding

Question 21

Cafe au lait patches are associated with…

Answer 21

NFM type 1

Question 22

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 22

some normal hearing but may be loss at certain frequenxies (higher usually)

Question 23

conductive hearing loss

Answer 23

consistenly low level of hearing