Developmental Stages, Tasks, Challenges and Issues of Adolescents

Question 1

Erik Homburger Erikson

Answer 1

German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst

Coined the term “identity crisis”

Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development

Question 2

Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development: Adolescent Stage

Answer 2

12-19 years old

Conflict: Identity vs Confusion

Resolution or Virtue: Fidelity

Culmination in old age: Sense of complexity of life, merging of sensory, logical and aesthetic perception

Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by testing roles and then integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who they are.

Question 3

Robert James Havighurst

Answer 3

Chemist, physicist, educator, expert on human development and aging

Havighurst’s Development Theory: Developmental Task

Question 4

Havighurst’s Developmental Theory: Developmental Task

Answer 4

The adolescent must adjust to a new physical sense of self

Must adjust to new intellectual abilities

Must adjust to increased cognitive demands at school

Must develop expanded verbal skills

Must develop a personal sense of identity

Must establish adult vocational goals

Must establish emotional and psychological independence from parents

Must develop stable and productive peer relationships

Must learn to manage his or her sexuality

Must adopt a personal value system

Must develop increased impulse control and behavior

Question 5

Challenges and Issues Among Adolescents

Answer 5

Physical Appearance

Identity Development

Gender Identity

Social Cognition

Impulsivity, Risk-taking or Thrill-seeking Behavior

Sexual Behavior

Question 6

Self-Betrayal

Answer 6

Acts as a big wall from being the best person you can ever achieve

Question 7

Imaginary Audience

Answer 7

An individual believes that people around him are enthusiastically watching him or her.

Question 8

Personal Fable

Answer 8

An adolescent’s belief that s/he is special, and hence invulnerable.