Developmental Stages Flashcards

1
Q

Infant
Birth - 1 month

Gross motor

A

Reflexes present
NO head control but can briefly hold head midline
Head lag
Assumes flexed position
When supine, assumes tonic neck flex position
Rounded back when sitting
Rolls over accidentally

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2
Q

Infant
Birth-1 month

Fine motor

A

Hands closed

*strong palmar & plantar grasp

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3
Q

Infant
Birth-1 month

Sensory, cognitive and language

A
Touch is the first sense to develop
Can recognize mother's smell 
Has taste preferences for sweets 
Hearing well developed, becomes quiet when hears familiar voice 
Limited visual acuity (20/100)
Fascinated with faces, follows moving objects, contrasting colors 
Cries to express unmet needs 
Smiles during sleep
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4
Q

Infant
Birth-1 month

Psychosocial & play

A

Relieves anxiety through oral sensations (breastfeeding, sucking on fist)

Makes comfort sound when eating
Interaction with parents and caregivers

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5
Q

Infant
1-2 months

Gross motor

A

Less head lag when pulled to sitting position
Head lift slightly (45 degrees) when prone
Improved head control
When supine follows to Beyond midline
Some head control when upright

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6
Q

Infant
1-2 months

Fine motor

A

Holds hands OPEN
Absent grasp reflex
Can pull at clothes, blanket
Bats at object

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7
Q

Infant
1-2 months

Cognitive, sensory, and language

A
When supine follows dangling toys
Coos, social smiles 
Visually searches for sounds 
Easily consoled by being held or spoken to 
Turns head to sound
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8
Q

Infant
1-2 months

Psychosocial & Play

A

Learns to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor development with simple imitative games
Interaction with parents and caregivers through games

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9
Q

Infant
3-6 months

Gross motor

A

Can hold head up better when sitting
Slight before 6 months/ no head lag at 6 months
Raises head 45-90 degrees of floor
Tripod position- back straight, balances head well
When held in standing position can bear some weight
Rolls from back to side and then abdomen to back
When supine pulls feet to mouth
Starts to creep on hands and feet

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10
Q

Infant
3-6 months

Fine motor

A
Pulls blanket over face
Rakes objects 
Palmer grasp
Shakes rattle and holds bottle 
Eventually able to bang 2 objects together 
Carries object to mouth 
Transfers objects from hand to hand 
Reaches and bangs toys on table
Likes mirror images
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11
Q

Infant
3-6 months

Cognitive, sensory, and language

A
Sees small objects 
Develops binocular vision 
Follows object 180 degrees
Responds to name
Recognizes parents voice and touch 
Coos, babbles, laughs 
Makes consonant sounds "b" dada & baba
Begins to distinguish emotion based on voice
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12
Q

Infant
3-6 months

Psychosocial and play

A

Interaction with parents and caregivers through games such as patty cake, peekaboo, and songs
Learns to relieve anxiety through oral sensations
Learns to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor development with simple imitative games

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13
Q

Infant
9-12 months

Gross motor

A
Creeps on hands and knees
Pulls self to standing position 
Stands alone 
Stands while holding onto to furniture
Changes from prone to sitting 
Can reach backwards while sitting 
Takes 1st step
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14
Q

Infant
9-12 months

Fine motor

A

Uses pincer grasp
Waves bye-bye and plays pat-a-cakes, begins to feed self finger foods
Hand dominance now evident
Purposely reaches around back to retrieve an object
Can randomly turn pages in a book

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15
Q

Infant
9-12 months

Cognitive, sensory, and language

A
Can say momma, dada
Increasing depth perception 
Moves toward sound, thoroughly explores and experiences objects 
Points to simple objects 
Responds to own name 
Exhibits stranger anxiety 
Begins to distinguish colors 
Increasing ability to see things in the distance
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16
Q

Infant
9-12 months

Play and psychosocial

A

Completes eriksons stages of trust v mistrust
Able to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor developments with simple games

17
Q

Toddler -> 1-3 years

Gross motor

A
Stands without support 
Walks independently 
Runs with wide stance 
Jumps in place with both feet 
Throws a ball, eventually kicks the ball 
Rides a tricycle by 3
Stands on one food momentarily 
Blows kisses
Walks up and down stairs with alternate feet
18
Q

Toddler -> 1-3 years

Fine motor

A
Holds a pencil or large crayon
Makes artwork more representative of object
Copies a circle and cross by age of 3
Knows colors 
Feeds self with spoon, drinks from a cup
Constantly throws objects on floor 
Builds tower of 3-4 cubes, eventually tower of 7-8 cubes 
Turns knobs
Removes shoes and socks 
Dresses themselves 
Toilet training
19
Q

Toddler -> 1-3 years

Cognitive, sensory and language

A

Experiments and learns new behaviors
Begins to learn cause and effect
Imitates behaviors of caretakers and parents
Well- developed vision
Can identify geometric shapes
Intense interest in picture books and listens to stories
Distinguishes food preferences based on senses.
Simple words/ phrases
Follows simple instructions

20
Q

Toddler -> 1-3 years

Psychosocial and play

A

Increases in control of self and environment
Explores, learns about safety and boundaries but may test those boundaries
Parallel play with other children

21
Q

Early childhood -> 3-6 years old

Preschool

Gross motor

A
Dresses self 
Throws, kicks, & catches ball 
Pedals tricycle 
Stands on one foot for 5-10 seconds 
Skips and hops on one foot
Walks town steps with alternative feet 
Jumps from bottom step
Balances on alternate feet with eyes closed
22
Q

Early childhood -> 3-6 years old

Preschool

Fine motor

A
Moves around in a more balanced fashion 
Builds to we of 9-10 cubes 
Draws stick figure with 6 parts 
Uses scissors to cut outline of picture 
Copies and traces geometric patterns 
Ties shoelaces 
Uses utensils, colors
Prints letters 
Mostly independent in toile ting and dressing
23
Q

Early childhood -> 3-6 years old

Preschool

Cognitive, sensory and language

A
Focus on the self 
Uses language to convey concepts 
Concrete thinking 
Well- developed senses 
Prefrances based on the use of sense 
Learns address and phone number
Recognizes most letters
Vocab up to 2,000 words
Sings songs 
Enjoys silly words
Asks why a lot
24
Q

Early childhood -> 3-6 years old

Preschool

Psychosocial and play

A
Begins to regulate own behavior 
Learns about rules 
Increases confidence to try new things 
Recognizes the differences between boys and girls 
Associative play
25
Q

School age -> 6-12 years old

Gross motor

A

Gradual increases in dexterity and becomes limber
Improves coordination
Strength, balance, and rhythm, climbs, bikes, jumps rope, learns to swim, skate, etc

26
Q

School age -> 6-12 years old

Fine motor

A
Good hand eye coordination 
Balance improves 
Good at arts and crafts 
Video games
Handwriting improves, prints and writes 
Likes activities that improve dexterity
27
Q

School age -> 6-12 years old

Cognitive, sensory, and language

A

Increased logical thinking- can problem solve
Wants to know how things work
Understands that actions have consequences
Aware of own thinking and how conclusions were reached
20/20 visual acuity, color discrimination is fully developed
Mature sense of smell
Hearing deficits may be discovered
Accelerated vocab up to 15,000 words
Jokes
Experiments with profanity

28
Q

School age -> 6-12 years old

Psychosocial and play

A

Increases peer group involvement
Same sex friends
Increased self confidence
Cooperative play teaches how to bargain, increased social skills, team sports

29
Q

Adolescent -> 12- 21 years old

Gross motor

A

Develops endurance
Increases speed and coordination
Focuses skills on an interest area

30
Q

Adolescent -> 12- 21 years old

Fine motor

A

Manipulates complicated objects
High skill level using computer
Good finger dexterity for writing and other intricate tasks
Precise hand eye coordination

31
Q

Adolescent -> 12- 21 years old

Cognitive, sensory, and language

A

Increased concentration
Senses tied into body image
Develops adult preferences based on senses
50,000 words in vocab
Converses with increasingly abstract thoughts and analysis