Developmental Stages Flashcards
Infant
Birth - 1 month
Gross motor
Reflexes present
NO head control but can briefly hold head midline
Head lag
Assumes flexed position
When supine, assumes tonic neck flex position
Rounded back when sitting
Rolls over accidentally
Infant
Birth-1 month
Fine motor
Hands closed
*strong palmar & plantar grasp
Infant
Birth-1 month
Sensory, cognitive and language
Touch is the first sense to develop Can recognize mother's smell Has taste preferences for sweets Hearing well developed, becomes quiet when hears familiar voice Limited visual acuity (20/100) Fascinated with faces, follows moving objects, contrasting colors Cries to express unmet needs Smiles during sleep
Infant
Birth-1 month
Psychosocial & play
Relieves anxiety through oral sensations (breastfeeding, sucking on fist)
Makes comfort sound when eating
Interaction with parents and caregivers
Infant
1-2 months
Gross motor
Less head lag when pulled to sitting position
Head lift slightly (45 degrees) when prone
Improved head control
When supine follows to Beyond midline
Some head control when upright
Infant
1-2 months
Fine motor
Holds hands OPEN
Absent grasp reflex
Can pull at clothes, blanket
Bats at object
Infant
1-2 months
Cognitive, sensory, and language
When supine follows dangling toys Coos, social smiles Visually searches for sounds Easily consoled by being held or spoken to Turns head to sound
Infant
1-2 months
Psychosocial & Play
Learns to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor development with simple imitative games
Interaction with parents and caregivers through games
Infant
3-6 months
Gross motor
Can hold head up better when sitting
Slight before 6 months/ no head lag at 6 months
Raises head 45-90 degrees of floor
Tripod position- back straight, balances head well
When held in standing position can bear some weight
Rolls from back to side and then abdomen to back
When supine pulls feet to mouth
Starts to creep on hands and feet
Infant
3-6 months
Fine motor
Pulls blanket over face Rakes objects Palmer grasp Shakes rattle and holds bottle Eventually able to bang 2 objects together Carries object to mouth Transfers objects from hand to hand Reaches and bangs toys on table Likes mirror images
Infant
3-6 months
Cognitive, sensory, and language
Sees small objects Develops binocular vision Follows object 180 degrees Responds to name Recognizes parents voice and touch Coos, babbles, laughs Makes consonant sounds "b" dada & baba Begins to distinguish emotion based on voice
Infant
3-6 months
Psychosocial and play
Interaction with parents and caregivers through games such as patty cake, peekaboo, and songs
Learns to relieve anxiety through oral sensations
Learns to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor development with simple imitative games
Infant
9-12 months
Gross motor
Creeps on hands and knees Pulls self to standing position Stands alone Stands while holding onto to furniture Changes from prone to sitting Can reach backwards while sitting Takes 1st step
Infant
9-12 months
Fine motor
Uses pincer grasp
Waves bye-bye and plays pat-a-cakes, begins to feed self finger foods
Hand dominance now evident
Purposely reaches around back to retrieve an object
Can randomly turn pages in a book
Infant
9-12 months
Cognitive, sensory, and language
Can say momma, dada Increasing depth perception Moves toward sound, thoroughly explores and experiences objects Points to simple objects Responds to own name Exhibits stranger anxiety Begins to distinguish colors Increasing ability to see things in the distance
Infant
9-12 months
Play and psychosocial
Completes eriksons stages of trust v mistrust
Able to calm self
Solitary play stimulates sensorimotor developments with simple games
Toddler -> 1-3 years
Gross motor
Stands without support Walks independently Runs with wide stance Jumps in place with both feet Throws a ball, eventually kicks the ball Rides a tricycle by 3 Stands on one food momentarily Blows kisses Walks up and down stairs with alternate feet
Toddler -> 1-3 years
Fine motor
Holds a pencil or large crayon Makes artwork more representative of object Copies a circle and cross by age of 3 Knows colors Feeds self with spoon, drinks from a cup Constantly throws objects on floor Builds tower of 3-4 cubes, eventually tower of 7-8 cubes Turns knobs Removes shoes and socks Dresses themselves Toilet training
Toddler -> 1-3 years
Cognitive, sensory and language
Experiments and learns new behaviors
Begins to learn cause and effect
Imitates behaviors of caretakers and parents
Well- developed vision
Can identify geometric shapes
Intense interest in picture books and listens to stories
Distinguishes food preferences based on senses.
Simple words/ phrases
Follows simple instructions
Toddler -> 1-3 years
Psychosocial and play
Increases in control of self and environment
Explores, learns about safety and boundaries but may test those boundaries
Parallel play with other children
Early childhood -> 3-6 years old
Preschool
Gross motor
Dresses self Throws, kicks, & catches ball Pedals tricycle Stands on one foot for 5-10 seconds Skips and hops on one foot Walks town steps with alternative feet Jumps from bottom step Balances on alternate feet with eyes closed
Early childhood -> 3-6 years old
Preschool
Fine motor
Moves around in a more balanced fashion Builds to we of 9-10 cubes Draws stick figure with 6 parts Uses scissors to cut outline of picture Copies and traces geometric patterns Ties shoelaces Uses utensils, colors Prints letters Mostly independent in toile ting and dressing
Early childhood -> 3-6 years old
Preschool
Cognitive, sensory and language
Focus on the self Uses language to convey concepts Concrete thinking Well- developed senses Prefrances based on the use of sense Learns address and phone number Recognizes most letters Vocab up to 2,000 words Sings songs Enjoys silly words Asks why a lot
Early childhood -> 3-6 years old
Preschool
Psychosocial and play
Begins to regulate own behavior Learns about rules Increases confidence to try new things Recognizes the differences between boys and girls Associative play
