Developmental Psychopathology & Interviewing Flashcards
What proportion of children and adolescents exp sig mental illness?
20%
What proportion od adult mental disorders cna be traced to onset in youth?
50%
What are some of main complicating factors when diagnosing child psychopathology?
- sx presentation in youth is rarely neat (comborbidity is the norm)
- within group htereogeneity (e.g. two kids, even sibs, with ADHD can look completely different)
- can rarely trace the cause of disorder to a signle factor
List some common determinants of child psychopathology
genes temperament attachment problems with goodness of fit social cog deficits social learnin deficits emo reg difficulties impulse control response inhibition martial discord effects of poverty exposure to trauma crime or illness etc.
How long is the typical tantrum (for a typically developing child)?
20 mins;
if there’s no immediate risk of physical harm, ignoe ignore ignore
parents reaction moderates the duration and intensity of the tantrum
Short list of biological risk factors
age of the mother poor parental (maternal) nurtrition maternaluse of etoh maternal use of tobacco use of other drugs prenatl and postnatal illness pregnancy or birth complications genetics LBW (this is a biggie; most of hte above place fetus at risk for LBW)
In general, why is maternal age important to know?
B/c with increased age comes increased risk for complicaton
What does Down’s have to do with maternal age?
higher age, increased risk
Down’s = trisomy 21
By age, what proportion of births affected by Downs’?
under 30 = 1 in 1500
40 - 44 = 1 in 130
45 and over = 1 in 64
HUGE jumps in risk
In US, what is considered to be “advacned maternal age?”
35 and older
increased risk for a number of things, e.g. down’s, placenta previa, and LBW (this is the biggie), hypertension, gestational diabetes, and thir trimester bleeding (effects blood development of fetus)
Maternal age, relation to indidence rtes of preg and birth complications
20 - 29 = approx 10%
35 - 39 = approx 20%
risk doubles after 35
When assessing biological risk factors, what are some key questions to ask?
Was your preg remarkable in anyway?
Complications? Major Concerns?
How far along were you when you found out you were pregnant? surprise or planned?
APGAR scores?
Folic acid during preg? prior to preg?
Under the care of a doctor?
Health habits during pregnancy? Etoh? Tobacco or other drugs? Nutrition?
Summarize recent research re: age of fathers?
recent research (Nature, 2012) links advacned paternal age with increased risk for Autism spectrum and other developmental disorders
Early findings; doesn’t prove older fathers more likely to pass on bad genes
basically, the study shows that gene mutations accrue overtime; bad genes put the kid at risk; when interacts with environmental factors
why is maternal nutrition important to know about?
poor maternal nutrion related to wide range of developmental delays and physical complications
How much folic acid should someone take?
approx 400 mg (the does available in most OTC vitamin supplements)
important for preventing NTD’s
MUST begin before pregnancy
relation between folic acid and rates of spina bifida?
research show that takinf standar 400 mg does of folic acid reducares rates of SB by 50%
How much etoh is safe during pregnancy? how much tobacco
there’s not safe amount according to AAP and CDC, and American Preg Associ same for tobacco
Will a little bit of etoh cause FAS?
No, FAS is assocaite with heavy and binge drinking during preg
But, FAE is possbile
Among heanvy drinker moms, what are the chances of FAS?
over 40%
