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psych unit1aos2 mental illness luv > developmental psych > Flashcards

developmental psych Flashcards

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1
Q

sensitive period eg. language

A

specific period in which an organism is more responsive to the external environment to learn specific things

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2
Q

critical period eg. vision

A

narrow period where organism must experience particular stimuli for relevant learning to occur

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3
Q

difference between sensitive and critical periods

A

sensitive periods occur gradually whereas critical periods have identifiable start and end times

learning associated with a sensitive period can still occur outside that period, whereas learning does not occur during a critical period

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4
Q

attachment

A

an emotional bond between an infant and the main caregiver

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5
Q

secure attachment

A

caregiver consistantly meets infants needs, shows some distress but returns as a safe base

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6
Q

insecure avoidant attachment style

A

inconsistently meeting infants needs, fluctuating between clinging and rejecting caregiver

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7
Q

insecure anxious/resistant attachment style

A

infant is unsure what they want from caregiver, caregiver not responding to infants needs

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8
Q

adaptation

A

involves taking in, processing, organising and using new information in ways which enable us to adjust to changes in our environment

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9
Q

assimilation

A

refers to fitting new information or experiences into an existing idea or schema

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10
Q

accomodation

A

refers to the altering of existing ideas to form new ones as a result on new information/ experiences, it is the process of changing existing mental ideas to fit new ones

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11
Q

sensorimotor stage (stage 1 piaget)

A

Age: 0-2
Construct understanding of world through senses
Goal-directed behaviour
Object permanence

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12
Q

pre-operational stage (stage 2 piaget)

A 
Age: 2-7
Understand objects and events through images and symbols
Decentred thought
Overcoming centration
Reversibility
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13
Q

Centration

A

the act of focusing only on one feature or characteristic of an object to the exclusion of all others

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14
Q

Egocentrism

A

the inability to understand the perspectives of others

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15
Q

Animism

A

belief that everything that exists has some kind of consciousness or awareness

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16
Q

Concrete operation stage (stage 3 piaget)

A

Age: 7-12
revolves around what they know and what they can experience through their senses: what is concrete or definite
Classification
Conservation

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17
Q

Conservation (volume, mass, length, weight)

A

the understanding that an object does not change its essential properties when its shape or appearance changes

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18
Q

Formal operational stage (stage 4 piaget)

A

Age: 12+
Understand complex ideas and hypothetical situations
Logical thinking
Abstract thinking

19
Q

Psychosocial development

A

refers to the psychological processes that take place (psycho) and the experiences of individuals during their lifetime (social) shaping their personality

20
Q

Erikson Stage 1

A

trust v mistrust (0 -18 months)

important event: feeding and relationship with caregiver

21
Q

Erikson Stage 2

A

Autonomy v shame (18 months - 3 years)

important event: toilet training , develop shame if caregiver is overprotective

22
Q

Erikson Stage 3

A

Initiative v guilt (3-5)

Exploration discovery and adventure through play

23
Q

Erikson Stage 4

A

Industry v inferiority (5-12)
children cope with academic demands and new skills of industry which makes them feel worthwhile, childs work is messy they may feel inadequate

24
Q

Erikson Stage 5 adolescent

A

identity v role confusion (12-18) build steady identity those who do not may develop uncertainty about who they are and where they’re going

25
Q

Erikson Stage 6

A

intimacy v isolation (18-25)

stable identity = can share meaningful love and deep friendships

26
Q

Erikson Stage 7

A

generativity vs stagnation

(25-65) contributing to society and giving back vs feeling lack of growth and failure

27
Q

Erikson Stage 8

A

integrity v despair (65+)

reflection and acceptance

28
Q

Typical behaviour

A

person acts as they usually (typically) do

29
Q

Atypical behaviour

A

when a person acts in ways that are unusual (atypical) for them

30
Q

Atypical development

A

is development that is not typical — it noticeably differs in a significant way from what is usual or appropriate

31
Q

Adaptive behaviour

A

actions that enables the individual to satisfactorily carry out their everyday life tasks eg. productive at school/work.

32
Q

Maladaptive behaviour

A

actions that impair a person’s ability to satisfactorily carry out everyday tasks and cope with demands of life

33
Q

Mental health

A

state of wellbeing in which an individual realises their abilities, can cope with normal stressors of life, work productively and is able to contribute to their community

34
Q

Mental health problem

A

occurs as a result of a life stressor, is usually less severe and shorter duration than a mental disorder

35
Q

Mental disorder

A

a combination of thoughts, feelings and or behaviours that impair the ability to function effectively in everyday life

36
Q

biopsychosocial thing

A

A holistic approach to describe how biological, psychological and social factors interact and combine to influence an individual’s physical and mental health and illness

37
Q

internal factors

A

factors which arise from within the individual

38
Q

external factors

A

factors which arise from the environment

39
Q

Risk/contributing factor

A

increases the likelihood that a mental disorder will develop

strong family history of mental illness (internal), poverty with no resources, socially isolated (external)

40
Q

Protective factors

A

enhances and safeguards mental health and reduces the likelihood that a mental disorder will develop or reoccur

no family history of mental illness, no genetic inheritance (internal) strong social support network (external)

41
Q

Psychosis

A

a mental state in which an individual experiences loss of contact with reality

42
Q

Positive symptoms

A

experiences or behaviours that occur in addition to the person’s usual functioning (an add on) e.g., delusions

43
Q

Negative symptoms

A

removal of usual normal reactions (taking away of something) e.g., loss of motivation

44
Q

Disorganised symptoms

A

include disorganised speech and behaviours

psych unit1aos2 mental illness luv (2 decks)

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