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Normal Child Development > Developmental Milestones > Flashcards

Developmental Milestones Flashcards

1
Q

What gross motor milestone would you expect a 6-8 week old baby to reach?

A

Raising head when lying prone

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2
Q

A baby can sit up without support with a rounded back and roll. How old are they?

A

6 months

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3
Q

What GM milestone would you want a 9 month baby to reach?

A

sitting with a straight back, and crawling.

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4
Q

What is the median age for babies to start cruising around furniture?

A

10 months

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5
Q

What age do children start walking unsupported? At what age would you get concerned if a child wasn’t walking?

A

12 months (concerned at 18 months)

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6
Q

How old would you estimate a child that can jump?

A

18 months

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7
Q

When would you expect a child to a) walk upstairs? b) hop?

A

a) 2 years b) 3 years

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8
Q

At what age would you want a child to follow a moving object with head??

A

6 weeks

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9
Q

What age does a child develop palmar grasp?

A

5 months

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10
Q

How old would you estimate a child to be if transferring toys between hands?

A

7 months

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11
Q

At what age would a child have a good pincer grip?

A

10 months

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12
Q

At what ages can children build different towers?

A

18m - 3-4 blocks, 2y - 6, 3y - ‘bridge’, 4y - 12 blocks

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13
Q

What drawings are used to estimate age?

A

18 m - scribble backwards-forward, verticle line - 2 y, circle - 3 y, cross - 31/2 y, square - 4 y, triangle - 5 y.

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14
Q

What HSL skill would you expect from a newborn?

A

startles to loud noises

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15
Q

At what age would you children start saying ‘dada’ and ‘mama’?

A

10 months

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16
Q

How many words would you want a 12 m old to have?

A

2-3 other than mama and dada

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17
Q

How many words would you like a 18 month old to have?

A

6-10 words.

can show you body parts.

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18
Q

At what age would you like children to be put words together to make short phrases?

A

20 - 24 m

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19
Q

What age should a child being constantly talking in 3-4 word sentences?

A

21/2 - 3 years

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20
Q

What age would a child responsively smile?

A

6 weeks

21
Q

When would you hope a child to be putting food in their mouth?

A

6 - 8 m

22
Q

When would a baby wave bye-bye?

A

10-12 months

23
Q

How would you encourage a 18 month to eat?

A

with a spoon

24
Q

When do children start playing?

A

Symbolically, generally independently - 18-24 m , interactive and takes turns - 21/2 - 3 y

25
Q

when would you hope a child to be dry by day?

A

2 years

Also hope them to take off some clothing

26
Q

What is involved in the healthy child programme?

A

Screening tests
Immunisations
Developmental reviews
health guidance/info

27
Q

What are the 4 fields of child development?

A

gross motor,
vision and fine motor,
hearing, speech and language and
social, emotional and behavioural.

28
Q

Developmental milestones are according to the median age, what is this?

A

when half the population acquire a skill

29
Q

What is the limit age?

A

When a skill should have been acquired, further assessment required if not.

30
Q

If a child was showing hand preference by 18 m, what would you be concerned about?

A

Cerebral palsy

31
Q

If a child doesn’t smile by 8 weeks, what may you be concerned about?

A

blindness?

32
Q

If a child isn’t responding to loud noises, what would you be concerned about?

A

Deafness

33
Q

What are the red flags in child development?

A
  • Regression
  • Poor health/growth
  • Significant FH
  • Findings on examination (microcephaly, dysmorphic features, etc)
  • Safe guarding indicators.
34
Q

What could cause a child’s growth to regress?

A

-Neglect, metabloic conditions, neurodegenerative diseases (Rett’s)

35
Q

What 3 questions should you aim to cover in a child developmental assessment consultation?

A

What is the developmental concern?
What is the cause?
What support does the child need?

36
Q

What is a developmental profile?

A

Groups all the information together to identify what area the child is struggling the most and therefore where to give the help. It gives clues towards a diagnosis.

37
Q

What is the schedule of growing skills?

A

A way of scoring development, can be plotted onto a graph.

38
Q

What factors in childhood could affect a child’s development?

A

Infections (meningitis, encephalitis), chronic ill health, metabolic conditions, acquired brain injury, hearing impairment, vision impairment.

39
Q

What environmental factors could cause developmental delay?

A

Abuse/neglect, low stimulation

40
Q

What genetic factors may cause a child to have developmental delay?

A

chromosomal disorders (trisomy 21), micodeletions, microduplications, single gene disorders (Rett’s - only in girlds, Duchennes - more common in boys), polygentic (autism).

41
Q

What factors in pregnancy could cause developmental delay?

A

Congenital infections (HIV, cytomegalovirus), alcohol and drug exposure, MCA infarct - cerebral palsy.

42
Q

What factors at birth could cause developmental delay?

A

Prematurity, birth asphyxia

43
Q

If a boy exceeded the limit age for walking, what condition would you be concerned about?

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

44
Q

If you suspected Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, what test would you do and what is it testing?

A

Gower’s - proximal muscle weakness (in the legs)

45
Q

What is the most common reason for delay?

A

Genetic

46
Q

What test is done to screen genetic material?

A

Microarray

47
Q

What would you expect to see in a blood sample of someone with suspected muscular dystrophy?

A

Elevated creatine kinase, from muscle breakdown

48
Q

At what ages do children receive checks as part of the healthy child programme?

A
  • Neonatal (within 24 hrs of birth).
  • New baby review (around 14 days old).
  • 6-8 week examination.
  • By the time the child is 1 y/o.
  • Between 2 and 2 1/2.

At these visits growth and developmental checks done, parental concerns are discussed and at risk families are identified.

Normal Child Development (1 decks)

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