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Developmental Defects 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology of lingual thyroid

A

Improper dissent of thyroid blood leading to ectopic thyroid tissue between foramen cecum and epiglottis

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2
Q

Site of lingual thyroid

A

Tongue, posterior dorsum. Between foramen cecum and epiglottis

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3
Q

What percentage of Site ectopic thyroids occur on the tongue

A

90

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4
Q

Epithelial proliferation in Florida pharyngeal got occurs during what week

A

3 & 4

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5
Q

Thyroid bud and invaginates, descendents in to neck at what week

A

7

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6
Q

Thyroglossal tract

A

Foraman cecum, anterior to, loops behind hyoid. Anterior to trachea, larynx, below thyroid cartilage

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7
Q

Site of invagination of thyroid bud

A

Foramen cecum

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8
Q

Appearance of lingual thyroid

A

Reddish/vascular appearing or normal color

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9
Q

Comorbidity with lingual thyroid

A

Hypothyroidism

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10
Q

In ___% Patience, lingo thyroid may be only functioning thyroid tissue

A

70

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11
Q

True/false: lingual thyroid should be diagnosed with a biopsy

A

Falls. Risks hemorrhage and maybe only functioning tissue

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12
Q

Treatment for symptomatic lingual thyroid

A

Suppressive therapy. Excision, radioactive iodine 131

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13
Q

Complication of lingual thyroid

A

Malignant transformation papillary thyroid carcinoma

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14
Q

A malignant transformation of a lingual thyroid is more common in

A

Males

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15
Q

Fissured tongue a.k.a.

A

Scrotal tongue

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16
Q

Site for fissured tongue

A

Dorsal lateral tongue

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17
Q

Fissured tongue is often associated with

A

Geographic tongue

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18
Q

One of the characteristics of ____ is fissured tongue

A

Melkerson Rosenthal syndrome

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19
Q

Characteristics of melkersson Rosenthal syndrome

A

Oral facial granulomatosis, facial paralysis, fissured tongue

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20
Q

Treatment of fissured tongue

A

No treatment necessary, gentle tongue brushing

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21
Q

Geographic tongue a.k.a.

A

Erythema migrans

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22
Q

Site of geographic tongue

A

Dorsal lateral borders of tongue

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23
Q

Clinical features of geographic tongue

A

Zones of erythema surrounded by yellow white serpentine borders. Migrates in days to weeks

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24
Q

Histology of geographic tongue

A

Psoriasisiform mucositis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, elongation of rete ridges (test tubes), neutrophils and epithelium, lymphocytes and neutrophils in connective tissue

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25
Q

Etiology of hairy tongue

A

Accumulation of keratin on filiform papillae and secondary pigmentation from extrinsic factors

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26
Q

Incidence of hairy tongue

A

0.5%

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27
Q

Hairy tongue occurs most commonly in

A

Smokers, debilitated states, poor hydroxide, history radiation therapy to head and neck

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28
Q

Site of hairy tongue

A

Dorsum of tongue. Midline, anterior to circumvallate papillae

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29
Q

Clinical features of hairy tongue

A

Elon gated filiform papillae. Wait, yellow, brown, black

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30
Q

True/false: hairy tongue is a.k.a. hairy leukoplakia

A

False

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31
Q

Histology of hairy tongue

A

Elongated filiform papillae, hyper parakeratosis of filiform papillae, surface bacterial debris

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32
Q

Varicosities a.k.a.

A

Varices

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33
Q

Etiology Varices

A

Abnormal dilation of veins

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34
Q

Site for varicosities

A

Ventral tongue, lips, buccal mucosa

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35
Q

Varicosities clinical features

A

Usually asymptomatic, blue purple, elevated, linear or papular, may be firm if thrombosed, blanches with diascopy

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36
Q

Histology of varicosities

A

Dilated vein, thrombus, may be calcified

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37
Q

Phlebolith

A

Calcified Varicosity

38
Q

At which site should’ve varicosity be treated

A

Lips and buccal mucosa could have excision for definitive diagnosis or aesthetics

39
Q

Etiology Eagle syndrome

A

Symptoms caused by impingement of nerves or blood vessels due to: elongation of styloid process or calcification of stylohyoid ligament complex

40
Q

Stylohyoid ligament

A

Ligament that connects styloid process to lesser Cornu of hyoid bone. Flanked by internal external carotid arteries

41
Q

Eagle syndrome is classically associated with

A

History of tonsillectomy. Surgical fibrosis an area of mineralized complex

42
Q

Eagle syndrome: impingement of ___ will lead to pain

A

Cranial nerve five, seven, nine, 10

43
Q

Carotid artery syndrome and stylohyoid Syndrome are both

A

Symptoms of Eagle syndrome, that are not associated with history of tonselectomy

44
Q

Clinical features of eagle syndrome

A

Vague facial pain, especially during swallowing turning head and opening mouth

45
Q

radiographic features of eagle syndrome

A

Elongation of styloid process, calcification in stylohyoid ligament complex

46
Q

Treatments for eagle syndrome

A

Mild: steroid injections. Severe: surgical excision of styloid process or stylohyoid ligament

47
Q

Cyst

A

Epithelial line cavity

48
Q

Fissural cyst

A

Cyst deriving from epithelial remnants trapped along embryono lines of fusion

49
Q

Excision/resection

A

Removal of lesion, part of body or organ by cutting. Equivalent to surgical removal

50
Q

Enucleation

A

Surgical removal of lesion, tissue or organ in one piece, intact

51
Q

Curettage

A

Surgical removal by lesion, tissue by scraping (pieces)

52
Q

Marsupialization

A

Incision of a cyst, conversion of closed cavity to open pouch. Sometimes referred to as decompression. Not curative

53
Q

Palatal cysts of the newborn etiology

A

Developmental inclusion cysts, Epstein pearls, Bohn nodules

54
Q

Epstein pearls

A

Palatal cyst of the newborn, median palatal raphe

55
Q

Bohn nodules

A

Palatial cysts of the newborn, scattered over hard palette

56
Q

Incidence of palatal cysts of the newborn

57
Q

Clinical features of palatal cysts of the newborn

A

White yellow Papules, one to 3 mm

58
Q

Histology of palatal cyst of a newborn

A

Rarely biopsies! Epithelial lining is stratified squamous, thin, flat, keratotic, disquamative keratin in lumen

59
Q

Histology of cyst wall (palatal cyst of the newborn)

A

Fibrous connective tissue in submucosa

60
Q

Treatment of palatal cyst of the newborn

A

No treatment necessary, most rupture and spontaneously resolve after several weeks

61
Q

Etiology of nasolabial cyst

A

Misplaced epithelium from nasolacrimal duct

62
Q

Nasal labial cysts occur more commonly in

A

Females, three to one

63
Q

Site of nasal labial cyst

A

Upper lip, lateral to midline

64
Q

Clinical features of nasal labial cyst

A

Swelling of upper lip, elevation of ala of nose, obliteration of maxillary mucolabial fold

65
Q

Radiographic features of nasal labial cyst

A

Soft tissue cyst, usually no radiographic changes

66
Q

Epithelial lining of nasal labial cyst

A

Pseudostratified columnar

67
Q

Cyst wall of nasal labial cyst

A

Fibrous connective tissue, striated muscle

68
Q

True/false: reoccurrences of nasal labial cysts are rare

69
Q

Globulomaxillary cyst

A

This term should no longer be used.

70
Q

Globalomaxullary cyst was originally thought to be a fissural cyst arrising from

A

Epithelium entrapped during the fusion of globular portion of the medial nasal process with the maxillary process

71
Q

Why was the proposed etiology of globulomaxillary cyst incorrect

A

No such fusion occurs embryogiically

72
Q

Globulomaxillary cysts have been histologically diagnosed as

A

Inflammatory odontogenic cyst, or true developmental odontogenic cyst

73
Q

Configuration of Globulomaxillary cyst

A

Inverted pair in lateral incisor/canine region

74
Q

Nasopalatine duct cyst a.k.a.

A

Incisive canal cyst

75
Q

Most common non-odontogenic cyst of oral cavity

A

Nasopalatine duct cyst

76
Q

Etiology of nasoPalitine duct cyst

A

Cystic degeneration of epithelial remnants of Nasopalatine ducks, embryologic epithelial structures that run from nasal cavity to oral cavity. Housed within incisive canals

77
Q

Nasopalatine duct cyst in adults

A

Degenerates and adults, leaves behind remnants

78
Q

Site of nasal Palitine duct cyst

A

Anterior palate, midline. At area of incisive papilla

79
Q

Clinical features of Nasopalatine duct cyst

A

Asymptomatic, swelling of anterior palette, if entirely in soft tissue=soft and fluctuate

80
Q

Radiographic features of Nasopalatine duct cyst

A

One to two. 5 cm, round, heart shaped, inverted pair, uniocular, radio lucent, well defined borders

81
Q

Location of Nasopalatine duct cyst

A

Between and apical to central incisors, incisors vital

82
Q

Epithelium of Nasopalatine duct cyst

A

All of the above

83
Q

Wall of Nasopalatine duct cyst

A

Nerves, blood vessels, mucous glands. May be hyaline cartilage, inflammation

84
Q

Nasopalatine treatment

A

Surgical enucleation

may result in anesthesia of anterior Maxilla for months

85
Q

Reoccurrence of Nasopalatine duct cyst

86
Q

Median palatal cyst etiology

A

Rare visual cyst, derives from entrapped epithelium infusion line between lateral palatal shelves. May be mistaken for posteriorly displaced Nasopalatine duct cyst.

87
Q

Radiographic features of median palatal cyst

A

2 cm, around, unilocular, radiolucent, well defined, at Posterior hard palate, midline, symmetric

88
Q

A median palatal cyst has no communication with, and is not associated with

A

Incisive canal, non-vital tooth

89
Q

Epithelium of median palatal cyst

A

Stratified squamous, pseudostratified columnar

90
Q

Wall of median palatal cyst

A

Fibrous connective tissue

91
Q

Diagnostic criteria for median palatal cyst

A
  1. Symmetrical of midline hard palate
  2. Posterior to incisive papilla
  3. Not intimately associated with incisive canal
  4. Does not communicate with incisive canal
  5. No microscopic evidence of large neurovascular bundle, highland cartilage, or minor salivary glands
92
Q

Treatment of median palatal cyst

A

Enucleation

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