Developmental Flashcards
1
Q
Cognitive development - Piaget
A
4 developmental stages between birth and adulthood:
- Sensorimotor (birth to 2 years)
- Pre-operational (2 to 7 years): symbolic play
- Concrete operational (7 to 12 years): concept of conservation of mass and theory of mind [empathy]
- Formal operational stage (12 years and beyond): abstract concepts and deductive logic
2
Q
Emotional and social development - Freud’s theory of personality
A
Structure of personality involves 3 parts:
- “id” contains the drive people to seek the most pleasure and minimise pain (newborn)
- “ego” tries to negotiate between “id” and “super-ego”
- “super-ego” are all the moral lessons learnt in life, including conscience, from age 4-6 years onwards
3
Q
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development
A
- Trust (birth to 1 year): in caregivers
- Autonomy (1 to 3 years): indepedence and security
- Initiative (3 to 6 years): through play and making decisions
- Industry (6 to puberty): pride in accomplishments
- Self Identity (12 to 18 years)
- Intimacy (20’s): commitment and relationships
- Generativity (30-50’s): family and settling down
- Ego integrity (50+): nostalgia
