DEVELOPMENT (Pg 158-183) Flashcards
Define the term: Development.
“Development” refers to a number of characteristics that describe the stage a country has reached on economic, social, cultural and technological levels.
It is the improvement of the standard of living, quality of life and general well-being when a country becomes richer.
It’s about reducing poverty and improving the quality of life by realizing natural and human resource potential.
State and Explain the TWO aspects of improvement in the lives of people.
[VAT and SEHSUES]
- Standard of Living:
- The MATERIAL well-being of a
person.
• Value of their possessions and savings.
• Type of home they live in.
• Whether they own Appliances and electronics
(e.g washing machine, TV, car, telephone and
computer). - Quality of Life:
- The GENERAL well-being of a person.
- Includes: • Standard of living
• Education
• Health care
• Services
• Utilities
• Environment
• Social, Political and Religious
freedom.
Define the term: Demographic Transition.
Changes in population as a result of economic development.
Fill in the blank:
The d___________ of __________, __________ and ___________ makes up the economy of a country.
The DEVELOPMENT of RESOURCES, GOODS and SERVICES makes up the economy of a country.
State and Explain the FIVE Economic Sectors.
Economic Activities
> Primary: - Extraction of natural resources.
- E.g. Mining, Fishing, Quarrying,
Agriculture, Forestry and Hunting.
> Secondary: - Processing of primary raw
materials and the resultant
manufacture of products.
> Tertiary: - Service industries; no tangible
products made but service
industries assist in manufacturing.
> Quaternary: - Research and development
needed to produce products
from natural resources.
- Provides information and expertise.
> Quinary: - The highest levels of decision
making in a society or economy.
Describe the characteristics of an LEDC.
Less Economically-Developed Country:
- Primary sector dominant
- Low Mechanisation in farms (more manual labour)
- Early stages of Economic development.
- Stong informal service sector in cities.
Describe the characteristics of a NIC.
Newly-Industrialised Country:
- 2ndary/manufacturing sector is strong.
- cheap land & labor for “transnationals” to take advantage of.
Describe the characteristics of a MEDC.
More Economically-Developed Country:
- Automated Manufacturing or Transfer of Manufacturing to NICs.
- Strong tertiary sector with many employed in health, education and tourism.
- Growth of jobs in knowledge economy.
What are the MDGs?
Millennium Development Goals:
- Eradicate poverty and hunger.
- Achieve universal primary education.
- Promote gender equality and women empowerment.
- Reduce child mortality.
- Improve maternal health.
- Combat diseases.
- Ensure environmental stability.
- Global partnership for development.
Define the term “Development Continuum”.
The idea of development being a continual process (or sliding scale).
What kind of development is the easiest to achieve (or the most visible) for LEDCs?
Social development - Lower illiteracy rates, lower mortality rates (higher life expectancy), better access to services etc.
What is the Brandt line?
The Brandt line (also called the ‘North/South divide’) is a line that divides the world into MEDCs in the Northern hemisphere and LEDCs in the Southern hemisphere but is not entirely accurate in the 21st century.
Define the term “Economic Development”.
Economic Development refers to the level of income associated with different kinds of work.
E.g. Countries with improved mechanisation, infrastructure and financial systems are regarded as wealthy.
Define the term “Social Development”.
Social development refers to a country’s ability to provide people with essential services e.g. Healthcare, education and training.
Define the term “Sustainable Development”.
Sustainable Development means meeting the needs of present populations without compromising the opportunities of future populations.
It’s a long-term goal.
