Development of Urogenital system

Question 1

Urogenital system develops what 2 systems?

Answer 1

Urinary system
Genital system

Question 2

Both the Urinary and Genital system develop from what common germ layer?

Answer 2

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 3

The intermediate mesoderm runs from head to tail but has two different types or qualities. What are they?

Answer 3

Segmented intermediate mesoderm
Unsegmented intermediate mesoderm

Question 4

Segmented intermediate mesoderm is the precursor to what?

Answer 4

Pronephros

Question 5

The unsegmented intermediate mesoderm is the precursor to what two tissues?

Answer 5

mesonephros and metanephros

Question 6

During fetal life, kidney systems develop through three developmental stages: (progresses from cranial-to-caudal). What are they?

Answer 6

1. Pronephros
2. Mesonephros
3. Metanephros

Question 7

Ruidmentary and nonfunctional. Comes from the segmented intermediate mesoderm

Answer 7

Pronephros

Question 8

May function for a short time during early fetal period

Answer 8

Mesonephros

Question 9

Forms the permanent kidney

Answer 9

Metanephros

Question 10

What is the future urinary bladder?

Answer 10

Allantois

Question 11

a primitive duct that collects the excretion from the mesonephros is called what?

Answer 11

Wolffian Duct

Question 12

lengthen to form a S-shaped loop

Answer 12

excretory tubules ( development of the mesonephros)

Question 13

The medial end of each of excretory tubule acquires a tuft of capillaries (branch from aorta) to form a _________?

Answer 13

glomerulus

Question 14

Around the glomerulus, the excretory tubule forms the ______________, and together these structures constitute a ____________.

Answer 14

Bowman’s capsule; renal corpuscle

Question 15

Each tubule joins the longitudinal collecting duct known as the ????

Answer 15

mesonephric duct/ Wolffian duct

Question 16

MEtanephros starts with the development of the ?????

Answer 16

Ureteric bud

Question 17

The uteric bud grows and pushes into the unsegmented intermediate mesoderm tissue in the region, called the ?????

Answer 17

metanephric blastema

Question 18

The ureteric bud will give rise to the _______, __________, __________, collecting duct, and collecting tubule. But the PCT –Loop of Henle- DCT- Bowman’s capsule (parts of the nephron come from the Metanephric blastema tissue

Answer 18

ureter
major calyces
minor calyces

Question 19

Each collecting tubule is covered by a ___________

Answer 19

metanephric tissue cap

Question 20

Under influence of the collecting tubule, cells of the metanephric tissue cap form renal vesicles, which then turn into small ____________

Answer 20

S-shaped tubules

Question 21

The PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT, & Bowman’s capsule come from the ___________

Answer 21

Metanephric blastema tissue

Question 22

Recall the difference between a Nephron and a uriniferous tubule. The Parts of the Nephron originate from the __________, but the Collecting ducts, etc.. originates from the ________

Answer 22

metanephric blastema; ureteric bud

Question 23

The S-shaped tubules turn into a ________

Answer 23

Nephron

Question 24

Capillaries grow into the pocket at one end of the S-shaped tubule and differentiate into ________

Answer 24

glomerulus

Question 25

Proximal end of each nephron forms the _______________. The distal end of this tubule joins the collecting tubules.

Answer 25

Bowman's Capsule.

Question 26

The kidney is initially in the caudal region. Later it shifts ____________

Answer 26

upwards into the abdomen

Question 27

The urogenital sinus develops into what?

Answer 27

Urinary bladder

Question 28

Initially, the bladder is continuous with the allantois. Later the lumen of the allantois is blocked by a thick fibrous cord called the ????

Answer 28

the urachus

Question 29

The ductus deferens originates from what tissue?

Answer 29

Mesonephric/wolffian duct

Question 30

The __________ of urogenital sinus is a narrow canal. In males, this gives rise to the prostatic urethra.

Answer 30

pelvic part

Question 31

The distal part is called the _________ of the urogenital sinus. As the genitals grow, this part will grow ventrally to give rise to the penile urethra

Answer 31

phallic part

Question 32

Sexual dimorphism is dependent on the ____________

Answer 32

Y chromosome

Question 33

Y chromosome contains the SRY gene (Sex- determining Region on Y gene) aka the __________

Answer 33

testis-determining gene

Question 34

The protein product of SRY gene is a transcription factor that initiates a cascade of transcription of many downstream genes that causes ‘______________’ to develop into testis

Answer 34

the indifferent gonad

Question 35

First appearance of gonads is as a pair of longitudinal ridges called the

Answer 35

genital ridges

Question 36

The genital ridges originate from the underlying __________

Answer 36

mesenchyme and surrounding epithelium

Question 37

Medullary cords develop in ___________ and degenerate in ___________

Answer 37

Males; Females

Question 38

Females have development of _____________ while males do not develop them due to the SRY Gene.

Answer 38

Cortical cords

Question 39

SRY gene codes for testis-determining factor. It signals the genital ridge to differentiate into the _____________

Answer 39

Medullary cords/Testis cords

Question 40

In the absence of SRY gene the genital ridge tissue dissociates into cell cluster. These form the ___________

Answer 40

Coritcal cords

Question 41

Cells from cortical cords contribute to the formation of ________

Answer 41

primordial follicles