Development of the Urogenital System

Question 1

[5-minute video]: Development of the Urinary System with Byte Size Med

Answer 1

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Question 2

[6-minute video]: Development of the Urinary System [animation]

Answer 2

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Question 3

Click on Answer for relevant diagrams.

Answer 3

[Diagram 1] [Diagram 2] [Diagram 3]

Question 4

List the derivatives of the ureteric bud.

Answer 4

collecting ducts, renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureter
[Diagram]

Question 5

List the derivatives of the metanephric blastema.

Answer 5

glomerulus, proximal and distal tubules, and loops of Henle
[Diagram]

Further notes:
The metanephric blastema is a mass of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells which interacts with the ureteric bud to form the functional kidney (metanephros).

Question 6

List the derivatives of the mesonephric/Wolffian ducts in males and in females.

Answer 6

Males:
(a) Epididymis
(b) Ductus deferens
(c) Ejaculatory duct
(d) Seminal vesicle
[Diagram]: male pelvis cross section showing these structures

Females:
In females, the mesonephric ducts regress, but vestigial remnants like the epoophoron and paroophoron may persist. The epoophoron is the homologue of the epididymis in males, and the paroophoron is a homologue of the paradidymis. [Diagram]

Further notes:
The paradidymis is a small collection of convoluted tubules located in front of the lower part of the spermatic cord, just above the head of the epididymis. These tubules are lined with columnar ciliated epithelium and represent vestigial remnants of a part of the Wolffian body.

Question 7

Identify the anomaly: [Image].

Answer 7

pelvic kidney

Question 8

Identify the anomaly and state its cause: [Image].

Answer 8

polycystic kidney: caused by failure of fusion of the secretory and excretory parts of the kidney

Question 9

Identify the anomaly: [Image].

Answer 9

horseshoe kidney [fusion of inferior poles of the two kidneys; inferior mesenteric artery prevents its ascent into the abdomen]
[Diagram]

Question 10

Identify the anomaly: [Image].

Answer 10

renal agenesis