Development of the Digestive System Flashcards
Digestive Tract organs
- Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum and anus
Accessory digestive organs
- Liver
- Gall bladder
- Pancreas
What are the contents of the primitive gut
- the foregut (pharynx and from the esophagus to the liver), midgut (2/3 of the transverse colon of the large intestine) and hindgut (1/3 of the transverse colon to the rectum)
What is the relation between the digestive tract and the germ layers
- The endoderm gives rise to the epithelium and glands
- The intra-embryonic splanchnic mesoderm gives rises to the connective tissue and muscles of the wall
What is the function of retinoic acid in the gut tube?
- Retinoic acid is a morphogen that specifies the cranial to caudal end of the primitive gut at a graded rate
- RA is also a transcription factor so once it binds to its receptor, the regulation of several genes (SOX2, PDX1, CDXC and CDXA) are ensured through out the gut tube
What organs in the gut tube are regulated by SOX2
The pharynx, esophagus and stomach (foregut derivatives)
What organs in the gut tube are regulated by PDX1
The pancreas and duodenum of the small intestine
What organs in the gut tube are regulated by CDXC
The small intestine
What organs in the gut tube are regulated by CDXA
The large intestine and rectum
what divides the esophagus from the trachea
- The tracheoesophageal septum
What is esophageal atresia
- This is the complete blockage of the esophagus by the improper division on the trachea and esophagus (two organs that are close together)
- This is typically with a tracheoesophagal fistula which is an abnormal connection between the trachea and fistula
- OR when the esophagus fails to reopen after being closed (recanalization typically happens in week 8-10)
The __________ _________ connects the stomach to the dorsal body wall
- Dorsal mesogastrium
what supplies blood to the foregut?
celiac artery
what connects the duodenum to the dorsal body wall
Dorsal mesoduodenum
What is the function of the lesser omentum
This is a double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the stomach
The _____ supplies blood to the midgut
Superior mesenteric artery