Development Of Great Vessels

Question 0

Vitelline v drains blood from where to sinus venosus and carries what kind of blood?

Answer 0

Yolk sac, deoxygenated

Question 1

Describe the arrangement of paired veins draining into the sinus venosus in the middle of the fourth week

Answer 1

From medial to lateral the order is:

Vitelline, umbilical, common cardinal

Question 2

Umbilical v drains blood from where to sinus venosus and carries what kind of blood?

Answer 2

Placenta, oxygenated

Question 3

Cardinal v drains blood from where to sinus venosus and carries what kind of blood?

Answer 3

Body of embryo, deoxygenated

Question 4

How does remodeling of the vitelline v redirect blood flow returning to the heart?

Answer 4

Right vitelline vein forms hepatic portion of IVC

Left vitelline vein degenerates between heart and liver

Right and left vitelline veins caudal to liver form the hepatic portal system

Question 5

How does remodeling of the umbilical v redirect blood flow returning to the heart?

Answer 5

Right umbilical vein degenerates completely

Left umbilical vein forms the ductus venosus: venous shunt between left umbilical v and ivc

Question 6

How does remodeling of the anterior cardinal v redirect blood flow returning to the heart?

Answer 6

• Left anterior cardinal vein develops anastomosis with right anterior cardinal vein
• Left anterior cardinal vein: Caudal portion degenerates, Cranial portion becomes L. brachiocephalic v.
• Right anterior cardinal vein: Becomes R. brachiocephalic v. and superior vena cava

Contributes to shift in blood flow return towards right side of heart.

Question 7

How does remodeling of the posterior cardinal v redirect blood flow returning to the heart?

Answer 7

Posterior cardinal veins on both sides largely degenerate

Remnants: Root of azygos v. and common iliac vv.

Question 8

What regions of the body are drained by the anterior cardinal v?

Answer 8

Drains regions superior to heart

Question 9

What regions of the body are drained by the posterior cardinal v?

Answer 9

Drain regions inferior to heart

Question 10

What is the adult derivative of the right anterior cardinal v?

Answer 10

Right brachiocephalic v and superior vena cava

Question 11

What is the adult derivative of the left anterior cardinal v?

Answer 11

Left brachiocephalic v

Question 12

What is the adult derivative of the post cardinal v?

Answer 12

Root of azygos and common iliac v

Question 13

What is the adult derivative of the right umbilical v?

Answer 13

Degenerates

Question 14

What is the adult derivative of the left umbilical v?

Answer 14

Umbilical v
Ductus venosus (embryo)
Ligamentum venosum (adult)

Question 15

What is the adult derivative of the right vitelline v?

Answer 15

Inferior van cava

Contributes to hepatic portal system

Question 16

What is the adult derivative of the left anterior cardinal v?

Answer 16

L brachiocephalic v

Question 17

What is the adult derivative of the right horn of sinus venosus v?

Answer 17

Sinus venarum (smooth wall right atrium)

Question 18

What is the adult derivative of the left horn of sinus venosus v?

Answer 18

Coronary sinus

Question 19

What is the adult derivative of the first arch a?

Answer 19

Maxillary a

Question 20

What is the adult derivative of the second arch a?

Answer 20

Stapledial a

Question 21

What is the adult derivative of the third arch a?

Answer 21

Common carotid a

Proximal internal carotid a

Question 22

What is the adult derivative of the left fourth arch a?

Answer 22

Middle portion of aortic a

Question 23

What is the adult derivative of the right fourth arch a?

Answer 23

Proximal right subclavian a

Question 24

What is the adult derivative of the fifth arch a?

Answer 24

Degenerates

Question 25

What is the adult derivative of the left sixth arch a (proximal)?

Answer 25

Proximal left pulmonary a

Question 26

What is the adult derivative of the left sixth arch a (distal)?

Answer 26

Ductus arteriosus

Question 27

What is the adult derivative of the right sixth arch arch a (proximal)?

Answer 27

Proximal right pulmonary a

Question 28

What is the adult derivative of the right sixth arch a (distal)?

Answer 28

Degenerates

Question 29

Explain how the recurrent laryngeal n comes to assume the asymmetric position seen in the adult

Answer 29

Recurrent laryngeal nn. hook under 6th pharyngeal arch aa. and elongate as are dragged caudally to thorax during heart repositioning

Right recurrent laryngeal n. hooks behind R. subclavian a.
Left recurrent laryngeal n. hooks under ligamentum arteriosum

Question 30

What pharyngeal arch pair are the recurrent laryngeal n associated w?

Answer 30

6th arch pair

Question 31

What does the foramen ovale become at birth?

Answer 31

Fossa ovalis

Question 32

What does the ductus arteriosus become at birth?

Answer 32

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 33

Explain the circulation changes at birth

Answer 33

• Before birth: O2 supply from placenta
• After birth: O2 supply from lungs
• At birth, increased pulmonary circulation means ↑ BP in L. atrium (oxygenated blood from lungs-> L atrium): blood no longer passes through atria.

After birth, placental circulation come to a halt:
-Ductus venosus closes off as ligamentum venosum
- Umbilical v. closes off as ligamentum teres hepatis
- Distal umbilical aa. close off as medial umbilical ligaments

Question 34

What are the adult remnants of the vitelline a?

Answer 34

Celiac trunk, SMA, IMA

Question 35

What are the adult remnants of the umbilical a?

Answer 35

Internal iliac a, superior vesicle a, medial umbilical ligament