Development of Foregut Flashcards
Foregut gives us 6 things
Esophagus Stomach Liver Gallbladder Pancreas the proximal part of Duodenum
Foregut gives ———— artery
celiac
ventral mesentery derived from ——-
Septum transversum
ventral mesentery gives ————-
ligaments of liver
Esophagus develops from the ———–
Endoderm of the forgut in the area between the inlet of laryngio-tracheal tube till the stomach
Esophagus remain tubular in shape with no definite mesentry True or false
True
Why esophagus elongates ?
to match the growth of the neck and thorax
How many Stages in the Development of the Esophagus and what are their name ?
3 stages
Elongation -Recanalization-Differentiation
occurs during the 2nd month; by the 8th week
the proliferating epithelium has partly occluded the lumen. previous definition of which stage ?
Elongation
occurs during the 3rd month by
vacuolation in the multilayered columnar epithelium. previous definition of which stage ?
Recanalization
of stratified squamous epithelium occurs
during the 4th month. previous definition of which stage ?
Differentiation
Epithelial of esophagus comes from ?
Endoderm
Muscles of esophagus comes from ?
Mesoderm
Give an example of congenital anomaly that could happen in esophagus ?
Esophageal atresia & trachea-esophageal fistula
Stop growth of esophagus ?
Atresia
Give me the Signs and symptoms of Esophageal atresia & trachea-esophageal fistula
1-excessive secretion
2-intermittent and unexplained cyanosis and laryngeal spasm
3-abdominal destination
4-violent response after first or second swallow of feeding such as infants cough and chokes fluid returns through nose and mouth
5-poor feeding
6-inability to pass catheter
Liver develop in which mesogastrium ?
ventral
spleen develop in which mesogastrium ?
dorsal
True or False : liver and spleen develop within stomach mesenteries
True
The stomach undergoes your ——–° clockwise rotation around the cranio-caudal axis to the—– during the——— week
right-90-fifth
Left vagus nerve becomes in which direction
venteral ( anterior gastric nerve)
Right vagus nerve becomes in which direction
Dorsal ( Posterior gastric nerve )
Results from rotation of stomach 90 degree clockwise to the right Left surface -------------- Right surface ------------- Right vagus ------------- Left Vagus ------------ Venteral mesogastrium---------- Dorsal mesogastrum------------- Lesser sac is enclosed between -------------------layers of ------------------
Anterior Surface
Posterior Surface
Posterior gastric nerve
Anterior gastric nerve
Lesser omentum
Gastrophrenic,Gastrosplenic and greater omentum
anterior and posterior 2 layers of greater omentum
Stomach is part of foregut so is supplied by ———-
Coeliac trunk
Congenital Malformation of Stomach : ------------- is Sometimes the circular or longitudinal musculature of the stomach in the region of the pylorus is hypertrophied. One of the most common anomalies in newborns.
Pyloric Stenosis
Treatment of Pyloric stenosis ?
Surgical excision of the
thickened sphincter.
what type of vomiting do baby has Pyloric stenosis will have ?
Projectile Vomiting
Duodenum develops from ——–
Duodenal loop
The upper half of the loop belongs to the endoderm of the —— and the lower half belongs to endoderm of the ———-
it’s upper part is supplied by —————
it’s lower part is supplied by the ——— mesenteric artery
the junction between the two parts is just distal to the opening of the————
forgot-midgut
Celia trunk
superior
bile duct
The lumen of duodenum is obliterates by rapid cell proliferation during —————– month then it is recanalized by ————- soon ( 9 - 10 week )
2nd - Apoptosis
Duodenum grows rapidly forming the ——shaped loop———–
C - Ventrally
hepato-pancreatic ampulla (The ampulla of Vater)
بالعربي وش فيها
فاصل بين جزء duoمن foregut and midgut
The mesoduodenum is absorbed(degenration) and the duodenum becomes ————
Retroperitoneal
commonest anomalies
Symptoms of duodenal atresia
4 things
Symptoms of duodenal atresia include: 1•Upper abdominal swelling (sometimes) 2•Early vomiting of large amounts, which may be greenish (containing bile) 3•Continued vomiting even when infant has not been fed for several hours. 4•No bowel movements after first few meconium stools( باختصار مافي زق )
Liver bud gives rise to ————–,—————,———-
Liver, biliary duct system, gallbladder
Hepatocyte start making bile at —————–
12th week
Hematopoietic cell make red blood cell during ———
6th week
————–pancreatic bud forms body, tail and most of head
Dorsal
————–pancreatic bud forms rest of head
Venteral
when pancreas secrete insulin ?
By week 10
Liver is developed from 3 sources ?
Liver bud ( Endoderm) Vitelline Veins ( mesoderm) Septum transversum ( Mesoderm)
para cystica gives
Gall bladder and cystic duct
Para hepatica gives
Right and left hepatic duct , bile canaculi and cords of liver cells
Liver diverticulum from the convexity of ——– divide into
duodenum - Para cystica - para hepatica - vitelline vein - septum transversum
vitelline vein breaks into ————-
blood sinusoids between the cords of liver cells
————gives the fibrous capsule and stroma of the liver
Septum transversum
Commonest congenital anomalies occur in development of liver ? 3 things
Gall bladder atresia
atresia of bile duct
absent of gall bladder
Failure of para cystic to develop cause
absent of gall bladder
failure of canalization cause
Gall bladder atresia
failure of canalization cause
atresia of bile duct
at day ————– the ventral bud of pancreas will move to the dorsal bud
45
Development of pancreas
develop from —–buds -1-ventral and dorsal
ventral pancreas arises from the ——– migrates from the convexity into the concavity of the duodenum forms the lower part of the head and uncinate process of pancreas
2
liver bud
——–pancreas arises directly from the concavity of the duodenum forms the upper part of the head, body and tail of the pancreas
Dorsal
Congenital anomaly of pancreas
Accessory pancreatic tissue located in the wall of ————– or ————-
Stomach or duodenum
Congenital anomaly of pancreas
Anular ( ring) shape : thin flat band of pancreatic tissue surrounding the ————–part of duodenum causing ——————
second
duodenal obstruction
————–glandular buds arise from distal end of the foregut during 4th week
three
day ———– hepatic bud projects into the ventral mesogastrium and grows in the septum transversum
22
day— the dorsal pancreatic bud grows into the dorsal ——————
26 -mesogastrium
Day —– the ventral pancreatic bud grows into the ventral ———
28- mesogastrium
The position of the pancreatic bud is altered by ———— rotation
mention them
two
Ventral pancreas migrate to the dorsal aspect of the foregut
the superior mesenteric artery is trapped between the pancreatic rudiments
the ————artery is trapped between the pancreatic rudiments
superior mesenteric
The foregut and dorsal mesentery fold to the ———–
as a results 2 things
dorsal mesentery is obliterated
The pancreas becomes retroperitoneal
What explain the anatomical relations of pancreas ?
Dual origin
two pancreatic buds fuse in the ———–week to form ————–pancreas
6th week- definitive
The superior mesenteric artery emerges ——to the body and ventral to the ——— process
dorsal
uncinate process
