development of attachments

Question 1

schaffer and emerson study

Answer 1

longitudinal study in a natural environment that lasted for 18 months
Used observations and diary records
Studied 60 babies in Glasgow.
Visited them monthly for the first year then at 18 months

Question 2

results of schaffer and emerson study

Answer 2

60% of babies had mother as first attachment
3% had father as first attachment
30% had a joint first attachment

Question 3

what are the four stages of attachment

Answer 3

asocial phase, indiscriminate attachment phase, specific attachment phase, multiple attachment phase

Question 4

asocial attachment phase

Answer 4

0-3 months
infants begin to treat humans differently than objects by smiling at them

Question 5

indiscriminate attachment phase

Answer 5

3-6 months
infants can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people, but are happy to be comforted by anyone

Question 6

specific attachment phase

Answer 6

7-9 months
infants can distinguish between carers and strangers and may show distress and separation anxiety when left alone

Question 7

multiple attachment phase

Answer 7

9+ months
attachments develop with other people (eg grandparents, brother, sister) although the original attachment remains the strongest