Development of antisocial behaviour

Question 1

Instrumental vs hostile aggression

Answer 1

Instrumental = when aggression is motivated by the aim of a specific goal
Hostile = no specific goal, aimed at harming another person often as a reaction to perceived threat towards self-esteem

Question 2

Rousseau vs Freud views on human nature

Answer 2

Rousseau = humans in their natural state are peaceful, nonaggressive creatures + aggression is a byproduct of social pathology in society. 
Freud = born with death instinct, Thanatos, which lied behind all violence and destruction.

Question 3

Social learning theory - aggression Bandura (1961)

Answer 3

Children observed an adult acting violently and aggressively or non-aggressively towards Bobo doll, and either receive praise or punishment for their actions.
First condition just watched and then the children would then enter room with doll + the children acted violently, like the adult.
Second condition the children watched as the adult was praised or punished. When praised = children acted violently, if punished = children did not act violently.

Question 4

Freud’s catharsis view

Answer 4

Violent impulses could be vented vicariously through catharsis. E.g., watching boxer beat up another boxer.
Society can dissipate our aggressive impulses

Question 5

Longitudinal study conducted by Eron (1987)

Answer 5

Studied children at aged 8 and followed up at 19/30 years old. Children were asked what their favourite tv show was, how lifelike they thought the show was, what their believe was their own violent tendencies, and their classmates violent tendencies.
Strong relationship between watching violent tv and aggressive behaviour in children.
Second phase: Violence watched on television at age 8 was strongly related with violent behaviour at age 19.
Third phase: those who were rated as aggressive at childhood, continued to be aggressive at aged 30 - drink driving, beating spouse and children, criminal convictions

Question 6

Liebert and Barron (1972)

Answer 6

5-9 year old children either watched violent tv or they watched a sporting event. Those children who watched violent tv were are aggressive in play.

Question 7

Thomas et al. (1977)

Answer 7

9 year olds watched violent (action packed film) or non-violent tv (sporting event). After film children witnessed staged fight between 2 children involving verbal abuse, punching kicking. Those who watched violent tv = responded less emotionally suggesting de-sensitised or normalised.

Question 8

Bandura’s Bodo dolls (1962)

Answer 8

Children witness adult acting violently towards doll.

Children then left alone with toy - more likely to perform violent act when witness other’s performing