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U.S History > Development Of American Constitutional Government > Flashcards

Development Of American Constitutional Government Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Americans declare independence

A

1776

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2
Q

What did the Americans want to form after they declared independence

A

A new government

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3
Q

Describe the government that the Americans wanted:

A
  • a republic

* citizens vote for elected leaders to represent them

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4
Q

After independence was declared, what happened to the 13 colonies?

A

They became 13 independent states

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5
Q

What did each state have?

A

It’s own constitution, legislature, and an elected governor.

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6
Q

How many states had the bill of rights

A

8 states

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7
Q

What was Americas first national government

A

The articles of confederation (1781-1789)

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8
Q

What was the structure of the AOC?

A

Each state could send between 2-7 representatives to a national congress but each state only had 1 law.

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9
Q

What was the ratio to pass a law

A

9/13

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10
Q

Describe the powers of the AOC.

A

The national congress could make laws, settle disputes between states, negotiate treaties.

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11
Q

What did the national congress not have and why

A

A president, because they didn’t want to recreate a Powerful government like they just faced in the revolutionary war to break away from. Also, they couldn’t tax the states or citizens

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12
Q

Describe the land ordinance law of 1785

A

States had to cede their claims to lands in the west to the national government

Divide the west

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13
Q

What was the way the national government could make money

A

Selling western lands since they couldnt tax

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14
Q

What was the purpose of the northwest ordinance of 1787

A

To give government to the territories

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15
Q

How many residents for a self governing legislature

A

5,000

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16
Q

How many residents for a US state

A

60,000

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17
Q

What was outlawed in the north west territory

A

Slavery

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18
Q

Why was the weakness of the AOC seen as good?

A

It eliminated tyranny

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19
Q

What led to the constitutional convention of 1787

A

Shay’s rebellion

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20
Q

Where was the constitutional convention

A

Philadelphia

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21
Q

Instead of ______ the AOC, the delegates ______ it with the constitution

A

Revising

Replaced

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22
Q

Where did shays rebellion take place?

A

Western Massachusetts

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23
Q

Who led the rebellion

A

Daniel Shays

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24
Q

What were Causes of shays rebellion

A

Massachusetts taxed its Citizens heavily to pay of the war debts. Farmers couldn’t pay. The western counties had a lack of representation in the state government.
Farmers had to pay in hard currency(coins). Many farmers were sent to debtors prison (jail) or else their farms and land would be foreclosed.

25
Q

What happened during shays rebellion

A
  • Farmers marched on the courthouse.
  • rebels harassed tax collectors.
  • daniel shay and his troops try to take over the national arsenal at Springfield.
  • Boston militia was sent to stop the rebellion.
26
Q

What were results of shays rebellion

A
  • the leaders of the rebellion were imprisoned and charged with treason.
  • the people of Massachussets voted John Hancock as their new governor.
  • the AOC was replaced.
27
Q

The AOC were intentionally ______ in order to protect state and individual liberties.

A

Weak

28
Q

The new constitution was _______ than the AOC

A

Different

29
Q

The new constitution:

A

Gave more power to the national government

Had 3 branches of govt rather than 1 weak congress

The national govt would have more power

Congress would have the power to tax and create a nation currency

The national government would have a president and a Supreme Court.

30
Q

What was in the Virginia Plan

A

A bicameral congress

Larger states have more representatives

Adding a president as a national leader and court system (3 branches of gov’t)

31
Q

What was in the New Jersey plan

A

A unicameral congress

States are equally represented just like the AOC

No president

32
Q

This resolved the differences between the large and small states by creating a bicameral congress

A

The great compromise

33
Q

Describe the senate

A

Each state has 2 senators who serve 6- year terms

34
Q

Describe the House of Representatives

A

Number of reps is determined by each state’s population size.

If slaves are counted, southern states would have more representatives

35
Q

3/5 compromise

A

3 out of 5 slaves would be chosen for representatives

36
Q

As a compromise for the South, what would continue for 20 more years?

A

The slave trade

37
Q

James madison

A

Helped negotiate many of the compromises that made the constitution possible.

38
Q

Who was known as the “Father of the Constitution”

A

James Madison

39
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

The people have power by voting for leaders

40
Q

Limited government

A

Citizens liberty was still protected

41
Q

Federalism

A

The national government shares power with state governments

42
Q

what was the purpose of the federalist papers

A

a sales pitch for the constitution

43
Q

views of federalists on ratification of the constitution

A

they wanted to because they wanted a stronger government

44
Q

views of federalists on checks and balances

A

created it to protects peoples rights

45
Q

views of federalists on the power of the executive branch

A

they wanted a strong executive branch

46
Q

view of anti federalists on the ratification

A

they didnt want to ratify it because it gave too much power to the national government

47
Q

view of anti federalists on executive branch

A

they only wanted a legislative branch

48
Q

who led the federalists

A

alexander hamilton

49
Q

who led the democratic republicans

A

thomas jefferson

50
Q

judiciary act of 1789

A

established the federal court system

51
Q

hamiltons economic program

A

financial plan

national govt pays for state debts

52
Q

whiskey rebellion

A

7000 farmers marched on pittsburgh to protect whiskey tax

53
Q

1793 proclamation of neutrality

A

to protect americans from the fight

54
Q

washingtons farewell address

A

warned against political parties

warned against geographic sectionalism

55
Q

what was the XYZ affair

A

Adams sent 3 diplomats to france but 3 unnamed french officials demanded bribes

56
Q

what was the Quasi War

A

the undeclared war vs france

57
Q

The alien and sedition acts

A

made it a crime to criticize the president or any government official

58
Q

virginia and kentucky resolutions

A

presented a states rights argument that states could nullify national laws

U.S History (8 decks)

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