Development of a Group Flashcards
Stages of Development for Group
1: Formation
2: Orientation and Exploration
3: Transition
4: Working
5: Consolidation
6: Evaluation and Follow-up
Stage 1: Pregoup Issues - Formation of the Group include:
Planning
What is included in planning for a group?
Purpose
Population to be served
How to announce the group
Recruitment of population
Screening process procedures
Size/Duration/Frequency
Meeting Times
Group Structure/Format
Methods for preparing members
Open or Closed group
Voluntary or Involuntary members
What 2 questions should you ask yourself before screening members?
1: How can I decide who is most likely to benefit from this group?
2: Who is likely to be disturbed by group participation or be a negative influence on other members?
Who should be excluded from a group?
Individuals who are dominant or need to monopolize, hostile or aggressive clients with a need to act out, be self-centered, and/or seek an audience.
What is the purpose of screening?
prevent potential harm
What type of group includes no new members added for the predetermined duration of the life of the group?
A Closed Group
What type of group includes replacing members that drop out with new members?
An Open Group
What are the advantages of a closed group?
Stability
Continuity
Fosters cohesion among members
What are the disadvantages of a closed group?
If too many members drop out then the group process is affected or shut down
What are the advantages of an open group?
New stimulation when new members arrive.
What are the disadvantages of an open group?
New members may have a difficult time becoming part of the group
Changing group members can have adverse effects on the cohesion of the group
How to help involuntary members see the potential benefits?
- Identify members who are unwilling to participate
- Confront their reluctance
By confronting an involuntary member, leaders communicate….
1: Understanding and respectfulness of fears about participation without dismissing group members’ feelings.
2: Education to other members about expressing themselves.
3: Establish a climate of trust.
The key to the successful participation of an involuntary member lies in …
1: Thorough member orientation and preparation and
2: The leader’s belief that the group process had something to off these individuals.
Where does the leader start a group of members who are involuntary?
1: Address the attitude of being an involuntary member
2: Focus on the choices they do have - How the group will function - How much they get out of it
What is a group composed of people who are similar in age, interest, and/or problem?
Homogeneous
What are the advantages of a homogeneous group?
1: Short-term groups
2: Foster cohesion
What are the disadvantages of a homogeneous group?
1: Promoted shared experiences
2: Learn from one another
What is a heterogeneous group?
A group composed of people who are different or diverse in age, interest, and/or problem
What are the advantages of a heterogeneous group?
1: Represents a microcosm of the social structure that exists in the everyday world
2: Offers members the opportunity to experiment with new behaviors, develop new skills, and receive feedback from diverse sources.
Pre-group meeting includes:
1: Expectations, fears, goals, and misconceptions
2: Basics of group process
3: Psychological risks associated with group membership and ways to minimize them
4: Values and limitations of the group
5: Guidelines for getting the most from the group experience
6: Necessity of confidentiality
What are the group leader’s limitations of confidentiality?
Required by law to report cases of suspected child abuse or incest and/or situations involving potential harm to the client or others.
Stage 2: Initial Stage includes:
Orientation and Exploration
Orientation and Exploration include:
1: Determining the structure of the group
2: Getting acquainted
3: Exploring the member’s expectations
What is the primary task of the initial stage?
Inclusion and Identity
What is the foundation of the initial stage?
Trust
Ways to establish trust include:
1: As a leader show interest in the welfare of individual members and of the group as a whole
2: Educate on matters such as the rights of participation, limits of confidentiality, the diversity that exists within the group, and the need for respecting others
3: Encouragement to express fears
Ways to maintain trust include:
1: Ensure “problem-solving interventions” do not become a pattern
2: Address negative feelings members often have at this stage towards the leader, group, or member (Member must know that it is acceptable to have and express a range of feelings
3: Ask members about their thoughts and feelings
4: Remind members that it is up to them to decide what to talk about and how far in-depth they want to go
5: Ensure all members have a chance to express themselves
What are the roles of the Leader at the initial stage?
1: Modeling
2: Helping identify goals
3: Division of responsibility
4: Structuring
5: Working in the Here-and-Now
Stage 3: Transition includes:
Dealing with Reluctance
The transition stage includes:
1: Anxiety
2: Defensiveness
3: Conflict
4: Ambivalence about participating in the group
How does a leader address reluctance or defensive behavior of members?
Education on how to challenge themselves and respectfully challenge one another in a caring and constructive fashion.
How do members show respect in the transition stage?
Explaining how they are affected by the behaviors of another member rather than by giving advice or judgment.
What are the characteristics of the transition stage?
1: Anxiety
2: Dealing with fears and ambivalence
3: Recognizing and dealing with conflict
4: Challenging the Group Leader
5: Reluctance and Guardedness
Stage 4: Working includes:
Cohesion and Productivity
What are the therapeutic factors of a group?
1: Trust and Acceptance
2: Empathy and Caring
3: Intimacy
4: Hope
5: Freedom to experiment
6: Cognitive restructuring
7: Commitment to change
8: Self-disclosure
9: Confrontation
10: Benefiting from feedback
11: Commentary
12: Catharsis
How to use confrontation in stage 4?
1: Must be based on respect for others - aimed at challenging others to look at unrecognized and unexplored aspects of themselves
2: To get closer to a client - one must be willing to stay with them after the confrontation
3: Do not confuse judgment and a caring challenge
4: Address specific behaviors that affect others in the group
5: Take responsibility for your behaviors instead of blaming others for how your respond
Stage 5: Final includes:
Consolidation and Termination
Effective ways of terminating a group include:
1: Dealing with feelings
2: Examining the effects of the group on oneself
3: Giving and receiving feedback
4: Completing unfinished business
5: Termination of members in an open group
6: Preparing for setbacks
Stage 6: Post group Issues include:
Evaluation and Follow-up
