Development Disturbance Of Oral And Paraoral Structure

Question 1

What is fibromatosis?

Answer 1

Fibromatosis refers to a group of soft tissue tumours which have certain characteristics in common-

1. Absence of cytologic and clinical malignant features
2. A histology consistent with proliferation of well differentiate fibroblast
3. infiltrative growth pattern
4. Aggressive clinical behaviour with frequent local recurrent.

Question 2

Type of genetic disorder of hereditary gingival fibromatosis?

Answer 2

Autosomal dominant

Question 3

Characters of gingiva fibromatosis?

Answer 3

Markedly enlarged
Asymptomatic
Non haemorrhage
Nonexudative

Question 4

What is fibromatosis gingiva

Answer 4

It is a diffuse fibrous outgrowth of the gingival tissues

Question 5

Clinical features of fibromatosis gingivae?

Answer 5

• it is manifested asa dense, diffuse, smooth or nodular overgrowth of the gingival tissues of one or both arches usually appears at the time of eruption of permanent incisors
• tissue is usually not inflamed but normal or pale and so dense that it prevent the normal eruption of teeth
• Not painful
• not haemorrhage

Question 6

Histology featured of fibromatosis gingivae?

Answer 6

• similar to that of fibrous hyperplasia
• epithelium thickened with elongated rete pegs ; bulk of the tissue composed of fibrous connective tissue
• bundles of collagen fibers are coarse
• inflammation unrelated/variable

Question 7

Treatment and prognosis of fibromatosis gingivae

Answer 7

• when toothe eruption is impended, surgical removal of the excessive tissue and exposure of the teeth
• lesions sometimes recurs
• it has been reported that tooth extraction alone will cause the tissues to shrink almost to normal and recurrence an be prevented.

Question 8

What is retrocuspid papilla?

Answer 8

It is a small elevated nodule located on the lingual mucosa of the mandibular cuspids.

Question 9

Clinical features of retrocuspid papilla

Answer 9

Soft, well circumscribed, sessile, mucosal nodule, commonly bilateral, located lingual to mandibular cuspid between free gingival margin and mucogingival junction.

Question 10

Occurrence of retrocuspid papilla?

Answer 10

Common in children-99% from age 8-16yrs; decreasewith age
38%- 25-39yrs
19%-60-80 yrs
More common in female than males
Commonly occurs bilateral

Question 11

Histologic features of retrocuspid papilla?

Answer 11

• elevated mucosal tag shopping mild hyperorthokeratosis or hyperparakeratosis with or without acanthosis
• connective tissue highly vascularised and exhibit large stellate fibroblasts ad ocassionally epithelial rests

Question 12

Treatment of retrocuspid papilla

Answer 12

Normal; regress with age; no treatment

Question 13

Lists Developmental anamolies of tongue?10

Answer 13

1. Aglossia and microglossia
2. Macroglossia
3. Ankyloglossia
4. Median rhomboid glossitis
5. Hairy tongue
6. Cleft tongue
7. Fissured tongue
8. Lingual thyroid nodule
9. Benign migratory glossitis
10. Lingual varices

Question 14

Aglossia is associated with…?

Answer 14

Malformation of extremities especially in hands and feet
Cleft palate
Dental agenesia

Question 15

What is th consequence of aglossia?

Answer 15

Lack of muscular stimulus between the alveolar arches-> alveolar arches do not develop transversely and mandible does not grow anterior direction->severe dentoskeletal malocclusion

Question 16

Macroglossia other names.4

Answer 16

1. Enlarged tongue
2. Tongue hypertrophy
3. Pseudo macroglossia
4. Prolapses of the tongue

Question 17

Congenital syndrome express macroglossia

Answer 17

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Question 18

Types of macroglossia?

Answer 18

1. True macroglossia

2. Pseudomacroglossia

Question 19

pseudomacroglossia possible causes?

Answer 19

1. Retrognathia
2. Acromegaly
3. Hypothyroidism
4. Small maxilla/ mandible
5. Atonia/hypotonia- Down syndrome
6. Vitamin deficiency

Question 20

Treatment of macroglossia?

Answer 20

Surgery to improve articulation, mastication, deglutition, protection of the airway and gustation.

Question 21

Other name for tongue tie?

Answer 21

Ankyloglossia

Question 22

What is ankyloglossia?

Answer 22

It exist when the inferior frenulum attaches to the bottom of the tongue and restricts the free movement of the tongue.

Question 23

Treatment for ankyloglossia?

Answer 23

Frenulectomy

Question 24

Complication due to ankyloglossia in dental?

Answer 24

Persistent gap between the mandibular incisors.

Question 25

Embryology causes of cleft tongue?

Answer 25

Lack of merging of lateral lingual swellings

Question 26

Common type of cleft tongue?

Answer 26

Partially cleft tongue-a deep groove in the midline of the dorsal surface

Question 27

Embryology cause of partially cleft tongue

Answer 27

Incomplete merging of lingual swellings and failure of groove obliterationbye underlying mesenchymal proliferation

Question 28

Cleft tongue associate with which syndrome?

Answer 28

Orofacial digital syndrome

Question 29

Other name for fissured tongue?

Answer 29

Scrotal tongue

Plicata tongue

Question 30

What is fissured tongue?

Answer 30

Condition frequently seen in the general population and is characterised by grooves that vary in depth and noted along the dorsal and lateral aspects of the tongue.

Question 31

Fissured tongue is associated in which syndromes?

Answer 31

1. Down syndrome
2. Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
3. Benign migratory glossitis(geographic tongue)

Question 32

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome signs

Answer 32

1. Fissured tongue
2. Chelitis Granulomatosa (Facial or lip swelling)
3. Bell’s palsy(VII nerve paralysis

Question 33

Treatment for orofacial swelling?

Answer 33

Intralesional steroid injection

Question 34

Developmental anomalies of lip and palate?

Answer 34

1. Congenital lip and commissural pits and fistulas
2. Van der woude syndrome
3. Cleft lip and palate
4. Cheilitis glandularis
5. Cheilitis Granulomatosa