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Paediatrics > Development and milestones > Flashcards

Development and milestones Flashcards

1
Q

For preterm babies what age do you use when assessing development?

A

Corrected age

This is the chronological age minus the number of weeks they were preterm

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2
Q

Red flags at 6 weeks

A

Not fixing/following

Not smiling

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3
Q

A fixed squint at what age is a red flag?

A

3 months

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4
Q

Red flags at 4 months

A

Head lag

Cannot bring hands together

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5
Q

Red flags at 6 months

A

Cannot roll over F-B

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6
Q

An inability to sit unsupported is a red flag at what age?

A

9 months

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7
Q

12 month red flags

A

Not crawling

Not babbling

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8
Q

18 month red flags

A

Not walking or speaking

Cannot understand commands

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9
Q

Red flags at 36 months

A

Unintelligible speech

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10
Q

Regression or loss of skills is a red flag when?

A

ANY age

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11
Q

Early hand preference

A

Red flag before ~12 months

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12
Q

Non-age specific red flags

A 
Regression
Hearing loss
Low or increased muscle tone 
Persistent toe walking
Persistent primitive reflexes- moro
Maternal concern 
Discordant development
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13
Q

The 4 domains of development

A

Gross Motor
Fine Motor
Hearing, Speech and language
Social, emotional and behavioural

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14
Q

Primitive reflexes

A 
Tonic neck 
Grasp 
Step
Crawl
Moro
Sucking
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15
Q

Moro reflex

A

Pretend to drop baby
Arms come out
Lasts until ~4/12

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16
Q

Global developmental delay

A

Delay in 2 or more areas

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17
Q

Causes of global developmental delay

A 
Idiopathic mostly
ASD
Hypothyroidism
HIE
PVL
IVH 
Head trauma 
Neglect
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18
Q

Palmar grasp

A

6/12

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19
Q

Pincer grasp

Neat pincer

A

9/12

Neat at 12/12

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20
Q

Hand preference

A

18/12

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21
Q

Casting

A

12/12

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22
Q

Build tower 2-4 blocks

A

18/12

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23
Q

Hold head at 90 degrees in ventral suspension

A

3/12

24
Q

Rolls F-B

A

6/12

25
Q

Supported sitting and pulls to sit without head lag

A

6/12

26
Q

Unsupported sitting

A

9/12

27
Q

Cruising and briefly stand alone

A

12/12

Cruising can occur from 10/12

28
Q

Walking well

A

18/12

2 years if bum shuffler

29
Q

Pushes wheeled toy

A

15/12

30
Q

Climbs on furniture

A

2 years

31
Q

Runs

A

16/12- 2 years

32
Q

Babbling

A

6/12

33
Q

Turns to sound

A

3/12

34
Q

Still in response to sound

A

6/52

35
Q

Two syllable words

A

9/12

36
Q

Knows name

A

12/12

37
Q

Joins 2-3 words

A

2 years

38
Q

Questioning and echolalia

A

2.5 years

39
Q

Short sentences

A

3 years

40
Q

Understands simple commands

A

15/12

41
Q

Fluent speech and defines words

A

5 years

42
Q

Smiling

A

6 weeks

Refer at 10 weeks if not doing it

43
Q

Laughing and putting objects in mouth

A

6/12

44
Q

Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety

A

9/12

Stranger anxiety becomes established at 12/12

45
Q

Object permanence

A

12/12

46
Q

Drinks from beaker with lid

A

12/12

47
Q

Wave goodbye

A

9/12

48
Q

Indicates wants without crying

A

15/12

49
Q

Regular sleep pattern

A

18 months-2 years

50
Q

Plays near but not with others

Won’t share

A

2 years

51
Q

Role play and can feed themselves skilfully

A

2.5 years

52
Q

Toilet training

A

3 years

53
Q

Plays well with other children and shares
70% dry by night
Unsupervised dressing

A

4 years

54
Q

Chooses own friends

Comforts in distress

A

5 years

55
Q

3 key referral points to remember for smiling, sitting and walking

A

Not smiling at 10 weeks
Not sitting unsupported at 1 year
Not walking by 18 months

Paediatrics (6 decks)

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