development and aging Flashcards
change in elderly - sexual changes in men
- slower erection.ejaculation
2. longer refractory period
change in elderly - sexual changes in women
- vaginal shortening
- thinning
- drynees
change in elderly - libido
stable in men but decreases in women after menopause
changes in elderly - sleep paterns
- decreased REM and slow wave sleep
- increased sleep onset latency
- increased early awaking
changes in elderly - suicide rate
increased
changes in elderly - system that attenuates
- vision 2. hearing 3. immune
- bladder control 5. renal 6. pulmonary
- GI
changes in elderly - body structural changes
- decreased muscle
2. increased fat
Presbycusis?
sensorineural hearing loss (often of higher frequencies) due to destruction of hair less at the cochlear base (preserved low-frequency at apex)
Presbycusis - frequencies
loss of higher - base
preserved of high frequency - apex
early developmental milestones - Milestones dates?
range that have been approximated and vary by source
children not meeting milestones may
need assessment for potential developmental delay
early development - ages
infants: 0-12 months
toddler: 12-36 months
preschool: 3-5 yrs
infants - age
0-12 months
infants - motor characteristics
- primitive reflexes disappear - Moro (3 mth), rooting (4 mth), palmar (6 mth), Babinski (12 mth)
- posture - lifts head up prone (1 mth), rolls and sits (6 mth), crawls (8 mth), stands, (10 mth) walks (12-18 mth)
- Picks - passes toys hand to hand (6 mth), pincer grasp (10 mth)
Points to objects (12 months)
infant - primitive reflexes disappear
- Moro (3 mth)
- rooting (4 mth)
- palmar (6 mth)
- Babinski (12 mth)
infant - posture
lifts head up prone (1 mth), rolls and sits (6 mth), crawls (8 mth), stands, (1 mth) walks (12-18 mth)
infant - picks
passes toys hand to hand (6 mth), pincer grasp (10 mth)
infant -social
social smile (2 mth) stranger anxiety (6 mth) sepraration anxiety (9 mth)
infant - verbal/cognitive
- orients: first voice (4mth), then to nameand gestures (9 mth)
- Object permanence (9 mth)
3 .oratory - says mama and dada (10 mth)
Object permanence is the
understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed
Toddler - age
12-36 moonths
toddler - motor
- cruises, takes firs step (12 mth)
- Clibs stairs (18 mth)
- Cubes stacked (age x 3) –> age 1 –> 3 cubes
- cultured - feeds self with fork and spoon (20 mth)
- Kicks ball (24 mth)
toddler - social
- Recreation - parallel play (by 24-36 mth)
- rapprochement - moves away from and returns to mother (24 mth)
- Realization - core gender identity formed (36 mth)
toddler - verbal/cognitive
words - 200 words by age 2
preschool age
3-5 yrs
preschool - motor
- Drive - tricycle (3 wheels at 3 yr)
- Drawing - copies line, or cycles, stick figure (4 yr)
- Dexterity - hops on one foot (4 yrs), uses buttons or zippers, grooms self (5 yrs)
preschool - social
- freedom - comfortably spends part of day away from mother (3 yr)
- friends - cooperatice play, has imaginary friends (4 yr)
preschool - verbal/cognitive
Language - 1000 words by age 3, complete sentences and preposition (4 yr)
Legents - can tell detailed sotures (4 yrs)
infant - mnemonic for moter/socia/start
Parents Start Observing
(P-S-0_
toddler - mnemonic for moter/socia/start
Child Rearing Working
C-R-W
preschool - mnemonic for moter/socia/start
Dont Forget, they are still Learning
D-F-L
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