development Flashcards
- Which of the following is most consistent with a
normal developmental examination for a 3-month-old
infant born at 40 weeks’ gestation?
A. sitting briefly with support
B. experimenting with sound
C. rolling over
D. having a social smile
B
- Which of the following is most consistent with a
normal developmental examination for a thriving
5-month-old infant born at 32 weeks’ gestation?
A. sitting briefly with support
B. experimenting with sound
C. rolling over
D. performing hand-to-hand transfers
B
18. A healthy full-term infant at age 3 to 5 months should be able to: A. gesture to an object. B. bring hands together. C. reach for an object with one hand. D. feed self a teething biscuit.
B
19. A healthy infant at age 9 to 11 months is expected to: A. roll from back to stomach. B. imitate “bye-bye.” C. play peek-a-boo. D. hand toy on request.
C
- A healthy 2-year-old child is able to:
A. speak in phrases of two or more words.
B. throw a ball at a target.
C. scribble spontaneously.
D. ride a tricycle.
A
21. At which age would a child likely start to imitate housework? A. 18 months B. 24 months C. 30 months D. 36 months
A
22. A healthy 3-year-old child is expected to: A. give his or her first and last name. B. use pronouns. C. kick a ball. D. name a best friend.
A
23. A healthy 6- to 7-month-old infant is able to: A. roll from back to stomach. B. confidently feed self a cracker. C. reach for an object. D. crawl on abdomen.
A
- You examine a healthy 9-month-old infant from a
full-term pregnancy and expect to find that the
infant:
A. sits without support.
B. cruises.
C. has the ability to recognize his or her own name.
D. imitates a razzing noise.
C
- A healthy 3-year-old child is in your office for
well-child care. You expect this child to be able to:
A. name five colors.
B. alternate feet when climbing stairs.
C. speak in two-word phrases.
D. tie shoelaces.
B
- Which of the following would not be found in
newborns?
A. best vision at a range of 8 to 12 inches
B. presence of red reflex
C. light-sensitive eyes
D. lack of defensive blink
D
- Which of the following do you expect to find in an
examination of a 2-week-old infant?
A. a visual preference for the human face
B. a preference for low-pitched voices
C. indifference to the cry of other neonates
D. poorly developed sense of smell
A
- Which of the following is the most appropriate
response in a developmental examination of a healthy
5-year-old child?
A. being able to name a best friend
B. giving gender appropriately
C. naming an intended career
D. hopping on one foot
A
- You are examining an 18-month-old boy who is not
speaking any discernible words. Mom tells you he has
not said “mama” or “dada” yet or babbled or smiled
responsively. You:
A. encourage the mother to enroll her son in day care
to increase his socialization.
B. conduct further evaluation of milestone
attainment.
C. reassure the parent that delayed speech is common
in boys.
D. order audiogram and tympanometry.
B
30. The following benchmarks indicate normal development by a healthy child born at term who is now 12-months of age. (Choose all that apply.) A. talking in two-word sentences B. pointing to a desired object C. reaching for a desired object D. walking backward
B, C
- It is considered a developmental “red flag” if a child
does not respond to his or her name by nine months
of age.
A. true
B. false
B
- Which of the following children demonstrates a
developmental “red flag”?
A. a 14-month-old who only says “mama” and “no”
B. a 4-month-old who does not smile
C. a 12-month-old who does not respond to his/
her name
D. a 2-year-old who speaks two-word phrases
C
- All of the following are consistent with a fragile X
syndrome diagnosis in males except:
A. microorchidism following onset of puberty.
B. large body habitus.
C. large ears.
D. hyperactivity
A
- Which of the following chromosomal syndrome is a
common etiology of social and verbal developmental
delays in boys?
A. Tay-Sachs disease
B. cystic fibrosis
C. fragile X
D. trisomy 18
C
35. One physical sign of fragile X syndrome in males includes: A. large eyes. B. large forehead. C. small head. D. recessive jaw.
B
36. Klinefelter syndrome (XXY male) is most commonly marked by: A. language impairment in males. B. fine motor delay in males. C. hip and breast enlargement in women. D. attention deficit disorder in males.
A
- Klinefelter syndrome (XXY male) and risk for
having a child with this condition can be accurately
identified by which of the following? (Choose all that
apply.)
A. urine test
B. literacy assessment
C. amniocentesis
D. blood testing for carrier state
C, D
- All of the following would support a diagnosis of
autism spectrum disorder except:
A. a failure to initiate or respond to a social interaction.
B. exhibiting extreme distress with small changes in
routines.
C. the symptoms are absent until child reaches
school age.
D. excessive touching of objects.
C
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends routine screening for autism
between 18 and 24 months
There are two main types of ASD behaviors:
restrictive/repetitive behaviors and social
communication/interaction behaviors.
Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for ASD include the following:
- Persistent deficits in social communication and social
interaction across multiple contexts.
Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for ASD include the following:
- Restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested by at least 2 of the following:
(a) stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of
objects, or speech; (b) insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns or verbal/nonverbal behaviour; (c) highly restricted,
fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or
focus; and (d) hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory
input or unusual interests in sensory aspects of the
environment.
Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for ASD include the following:
- Symptoms must be present in the early developmental period.
Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for ASD include the following:
- Symptoms cause clinically significant impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of current functioning.
Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for ASD include the following:
- These disturbances are not better explained by
intellectual disability or global developmental delay.
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 6 months: No big smiles or other warm, joyful
expressions
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 9 months: No back-and-forth sharing of sounds,
smiles, or other facial expressions
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 12 months: Lack of response to name
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 12 months: No babbling or “baby talk”
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 12 months: No back-and-forth gestures, such
as pointing, showing, reaching, or waving
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 16 months: No spoken words
Developmental “Red Flags”
in the Young Child
Persistent presence of ≥1 of the following
indicators warrants further evaluation:
• By 24 months: No meaningful two-word phrases
that don’t involve imitating or repeating
Fragile X syndrome
is the most common known cause of autism in
either gender and occurs in all racial and ethnic groups
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY male)
also is associated with developmental issues, mainly
verbal in nature
39. At which of the following ages in a healthy infant’s life is parental anticipatory guidance about teething most helpful? A. 1 to 2 months B. 2 to 4 months C. 4 to 6 months D. 8 to 10 months
C
- At which of the following ages in a healthy young
child’s life is parental anticipatory guidance about
temper tantrums most helpful?
A. 8 to 10 months
B. 10 to 12 months
C. 12 to 14 months
D. 14 to 16 months
B
- At which of the following ages in a developmentally
on-target young child’s life is parental anticipatory
guidance about using “time out” as a discipline
method most helpful?
A. 12 to 18 months
B. 18 to 24 months
C. 24 to 30 months
D. 30 to 36 months
B
42. At which of the following ages in a young child’s life is parental anticipatory guidance about protection from falls most helpful? A. birth B. 2 months C. 4 months D. 6 months
A
- At which of the following ages in a developmental
on-target young child’s life is parental anticipatory
guidance about toilet-training readiness most
helpful?
A. 12 months
B. 15 months
C. 18 months
D. 24 months
C
- At which of the following ages in a young child’s life
is parental anticipatory guidance about infant sleep
position most helpful?
A. birth
B. 2 weeks
C. 2 months
D. 4 months
A
45. At which of the following ages in a developmental on-target young child’s life is parental anticipatory guidance about sexual activity most helpful? A. 6 years B. 8 years C. 11 years D. 14 years
C