Development

Question 1

Define development.

Answer 1

The improvement of quality of life via the use of resources.

Question 2

What are the two main indicators of development?

Answer 2

Economic and social.

Question 3

What is the line that splits the rich North and poor South?

Answer 3

Brandt Line

Question 4

What are the characteristics of rich countries?

Answer 4

1. Norhern hemisphere
2. Access to coast
3. Includes Australia

Question 5

What are the characteristics of a developed country?

Answer 5

• High GDP per capita
• Technologically advanced
• Low unemployment
• High literacy rates
• Women in the workdforce
• Access to education and healthcare
• Low infant mortality
• Fewer people / doctor
• Tertiary sector employment
• Low birth rates

Question 6

Define infant mortality.

Answer 6

The number of babies under 1 that die per 1000 live births per year.

Question 7

What are the characteristics of less developed countries?

Answer 7

• Low literacy rates, especially among women
• High infant mortality
• High rate of infectious disease
• High birth rates
• Primary sector employment, particularly in agriculture
• Low life expectancy
• Lower GDP per capita
• High unemployment

Question 8

What development indicators are there?

Answer 8

• GDP per capita
• Literacy rate and particularly female literacy rate
• Number of people / doctor
• Life expectancy
• Death rate
• Birth rate
• Number of people with access to the internet
• Food intake
• Infant mortality
• Corruption index

Question 9

What could increase people / doctor in an MEDC?

Answer 9

Ageing population

Question 10

What is GDP?

Answer 10

Gross domestic product. The total market value of goods and services produced within a country.

Question 11

What is GNI?

Answer 11

Gross National Income. The total market value of goods and services produced by the residents of a country, even if they live abroad.

Question 12

What is taken account in the Human Development Index?

Answer 12

1. GNI
2. Life expectancy - medical
3. School enrolment - future development of country, equality
4. Literacy rates - future development of country, equality

Question 13

What are the stages of development?

Answer 13

1. Least Developed Countries - Democratic Republic of the Congo, tribes
2. Developing Countries - Nigeria
3. NICs - Newly Industrialised Countries - BRICS (secondary sector)
4. Developed Countries - Japan

Question 14

What does LEDC or MEDC take into account?

Answer 14

Economic development only.

Question 15

Characteristics of BRICS?

Answer 15

• Secondary sector development
• Investment and TNCs
• High population = big workforce

Question 16

Why are there gaps within a country?

Answer 16

1. Corruption
2. Poor communication / rural - hard to distribute resources, benefit less from gov. decision, less business, less investment, poor availability healthcare
   
   • Rural areas
   • Mountainous areas
   • Desert or rainforest
3. Attitudes:
   
   • Political norm of a country regarding poverty
   • Discrimination against women
4. Lack of centralised education system (private education) -> income gap