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Paeds Nix > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

1
Q

How old: Marked head lag when pulling to sit?

A

Newborn

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2
Q

How old: sits with support?

A

6 months

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3
Q

How old: sits without support?

A

7 months

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4
Q

How old: pulls self to stand?

A

9 months

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5
Q

How old: crawling

A

8-9 months

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6
Q

How old: walking with one hand held?

A

12 months

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7
Q

How old: walking independently?

A

13 months

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8
Q

How old: creeps upstairs/pushes wheeled toy?

A

15 months

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9
Q

How old: raises head to 45 degrees when prone?

A

6-8 weeks

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10
Q

How old: cruising around furniture?

A

10 months

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11
Q

How old: runs and creeps downstairs?

A

18 months

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12
Q

How old: walks backwards, picks up toy without falling, kicks and throws ball?
(when do they become fun?)

A

2 years

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13
Q

How old: jumps on both feet, walks on tip toes?

A

2.5 years

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14
Q

How old: rides tricycle?

A

3 years

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15
Q

How old: goes up stairs one foot per step, down stairs two feet per step?

A

3 years

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16
Q

How old: skips and hops?

A

4 years

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17
Q

How old: runs on toes?

A

5 years

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18
Q

How old: walks heel to toe?

A

6 years

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19
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: fix and follows?

A

6 weeks

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20
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: reaches out for toys?

A

4 months

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21
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: palmar grasp?

A

4-6 months

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22
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: transfers objects between hands?

A

6 months

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23
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: mature pincer grip?

A

10 months

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24
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: to and fro scribble?

A

15 months

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25
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: circular scribble?

A

18 months

26
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: tower of 3 cubes?

A

18 months

27
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: tower of 6 cubes and copy straight line?

A

2 years

28
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: tower of 8?

A

2.5 years

29
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: builds bridge from cubes and copies a circle?

A

3 years

30
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: builds steps of bricks and copies a square?

A

4 years

31
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: copies a cross?

A

3.5 years

32
Q

Vision and Fine Motor

How old: copies triangle?

A

5 years

33
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: startles to loud noises?

A

newborn

34
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: vocalising, coos and laughs?

A

2-4 months

35
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: turns head to sound/distraction test?

A

7 months

36
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: single syllable, indiscriminate babble?

A

7 months

37
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: mama and dada (discriminate sounds)

A

10 months

38
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: 2-3 words with meaning, knows name, understands simple commands?

A

12 months

39
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: 6-10 words, points to body parts?

A

18 months

40
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: 2-3 word sentences?

A

2 years

41
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: Talks constantly in 3-4 word sentences?

A

2.5-3 years

42
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: full sentences?

A

3 years

43
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: smiles responsively?

A

6 weeks

44
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: laughs

A

3 months

45
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: looks for fallen toys (object permanence)?

A

9 months

46
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: plays peek-a-boo?

A

9 months

47
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: waves bye, drinks from cup?

A

12 months

48
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: holds spoon and gets the food safely to mouth, symbolic play alone?

A

18 months

49
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: parallel play and dry by day?

A

2 years

50
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: Associative play

A

2.5 years

51
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: Takes turns when playing with others, dry by night, washes hands, brush teeth?

A

3 years

52
Q

Social, Emotional and Behavioural:

How old: ties shoelaces?

A

5 years

53
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: quietens/smiles to sound of parent’s voice, even if can’t see?

A

4 months

54
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: turns immediately to parent’s voice across room?

A

7 months

55
Q

Hearing Speech and Language

How old: searches for very quiet sounds made out of sight?

A

9 months

56
Q

Two hearing tests for the newborn?

A

EOAE and ABR.

(a) Evoked otoacoustic emission (EOAE)
Click is generated from earphones and echo picked up from cochlea. Detects normal sound vibrations from outer hair cells in the cochlea.

Advantages:
Simple and quick to perform, though is affected by ambient noise
Disadvantages:
Misses auditory neuropathy as function of auditory nerve or brain not tested
• Relatively high false-positive rate in first 24 hours after birth as vernix or amniotic fluid are still in
ear canal
• Not a test of hearing but a test of cochlear function

(b) Automated auditory brainstem response (AABR)
Auditory stimulus generated by earphones sends signal via ear and auditory never to brain. EEG waveforms analysis determines if normal.

Advantages:
• Low false-positive rate
• Screens hearing pathway from ear to brainstem
Disadvantages:
• Affected by movement, so infants need to be asleep or very quiet, so time consuming
• Complex computerised equipment, but is mobile
• Requires electrodes applied to infant’s head, which parents may dislike

57
Q

Diagnostic hearing test for infants aged 7-9?

A

Distraction testing.

Relies on baby locating and turning appropriately towards sounds. High and low freq sounds presented out of the infant’s field of vision. Must be carried out by properly trained staff as can be difficult to identify hearing impaired infants as they are particularly adept at using non-auditory cues.

NB: At all ages, parental concern about hearing warrants further assessment.

58
Q

Test to assess hearing impairment in infants aged 10-18 months?

A

Visual reinforcement audiometry.

This is particularly useful to assess impairment in infants between 10 and 18 months, although it can be used between the age of 6 months and 3 years. Hearing thresholds are established using visual rewards (illumi­nation of toys) to reinforce the child’s head turn to stimuli of different frequencies. Localisation of the stimuli is not necessary and insert earphones may be used to obtain ear­ specific information, thus making it more useful than free field tests such as distraction and performance testing.

NB: At all ages, parental concern about hearing warrants further assessment.

59
Q

Test to assess hearing loss in infants aged 18 months - 4 years?

A

Performance and speech discrimination.

Performance testing using high­ and low­ frequency stimuli and speech discrimination testing using miniature toys can be used for children with suspected hearing loss at 18 months to 4 years of age.

NB: At all ages, parental concern about hearing warrants further assessment.

60
Q

Test to assess hearing loss in child from 4 years on?

A

Audiometry.

Threshold audiometry using headphones, where the child responds to a pure tone stimulus, can be used to detect and assess the severity of hearing loss in chil­dren from 4 years old.

NB: At all ages, parental concern about hearing warrants further assessment.

61
Q

How old: follows 2 step command, eg “Get your shoes from the cupboard”

A

3 years

Paeds Nix (1 decks)

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