Developmemt In Infancy

Question 0

What are the stages of motor development.

Answer 0

Babies have very little motor control - most movement are primitive reflexes.

6 months:
Gross - roll over, sit with support.
Fine- Reach for objects , pass hand to hand or mouth

9 months:

Gross - sit unsupported, crawl, pull to standing with support
Fine- pokes , picks up with finger and thumb

1 year:

Gross - stands without help, walks with help
Fine- drops objects on purpose, points

15 months:
Gross - walks without help, crawls upstairs
Fine- picks up object with pincer grip

18 months:
Gross - clImbs, walks up stairs
Fine - scribbles , turns pages of book

2 years:

Gross- runs, kicks a ball
Fine- eats with spoon, turns knobs

3 years:

Gross - dress and undress, rides tricycle, stand on one leg
Fine: - thread objects, hold pencil

Question 1

Physical development in infancy - growth

Answer 1

Infants grow very fast in terms of height and weight.

Milk teeth start to appear from 6 months old.

Question 2

Intellectual development in infancy.

Answer 2

Infants learn very quickly without being taught mostly through copying.

Question 3

What language skills are developed in infancy?

Answer 3

Name objects
Speak in short sentences
Ask simple questions
Understand what people say
Follow simple commands

Question 4

What thinking skills are developed in infancy?

Answer 4

Colour concepts
Shape concepts
Number concepts

Towards end of infancy, start to understand simple rules and memory for events.

Question 5

Emotional development in infancy.

Answer 5

Infants show positive and negative emotions from birth.
Infants will smile at faces from 6 weeks old.
Infants have tantrums form about the age of 2 years - can express emotions but not control them - keep calm, leave until calm if safe or distract.
Infants develop concept of self at about 18 months - can recognise pictures of themselves. Understand basic factual information e.g. Boy or girl.

Question 6

Attachment in infancy.

Answer 6

Attachment (bonding) occurs between 7 and 12 months - to the person they spend the most time with, usually a parent.
They are most confident and relaxed with this person and become upset if separated from them.
Attachment to other close people e.g. Siblings and grandparents occurs after this.
Children can tolerate short periods of separation from about 3 years when they start nursery.

Question 7

Social development in infancy.

Answer 7

Infants prefer to look at faces shortly after birth - this is the start of social interaction. Start to smile at about 6 weeks.
Infants tend to play by themselves but only if the attached person is closely.
Interaction with other children does not start until the end of infancy, early childhood.