Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Developing Fuels > Flashcards

Developing Fuels Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Standard enthalpy change of combustion

A

Enthalpy change when one mole of a fuel is burned completely in oxygen under standard conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Standard Enthalpy change of formation

A

Enthalpy change when one mole of a compound in its standard state is formed from its elements in their standard states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Enthalpy change of reaction

A

Enthalpy change when molar quantities of reactants stated in the equation react together under standard conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Entropy

A

A measure of the number of ways that particles in a substance can be arranged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Exothermic

A

Reaction gives our heat energy to surroundings, delta H is negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endothermic

A

Reaction that takes in heat energy from surroundings, delta H is positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

The heat energy required to increase the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Standard states

A

Physical states of an element at 298K, 1 atmospheric pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Catalytic cracking

A

Thermal decomposition of long chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains, some have double bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fractional distillation

A

Separation of substances with different boiling points (I.e crude oil) by evaporation then condensation at different temperatures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Knocking/ Autoignite

A

When fuel/oxygen mixture ignited without a spark during compression in an engine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Octane number

A

Measure the tendency of petrol mixture to auto ignite after compression (without spark)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Volatility

A

The ease of evaporation of a compound (more volatile means lower boiling point)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Zeolite

A

Mineral containing Al, Si and O that contains pores into which hydrocarbons can fit. Used as catalyst and as molecular sieve in oil refining.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heterozygous catalyst

A

Catalyst that is in a different physical state to the reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Isomerisation

A

Reaction in which one isomer is turned into another (i.e used in oil refinery to convert straight chain to beaches chain alkanes)

17
Q

Reforming

A

Reaction in which straight chain molecules are converted into cyclic aromatic compounds by removal of H2 using Pt catalyst

18
Q

Catalyst poison

A

Substance that is adsorbed strongly to the catalyst surface preventing the adsorption of the usual reactants

19
Q

Biofuel

A

Fuel that is prepared form living raw material (I.e ethanol from cane sugar, carbon neutral)

20
Q

Oxygenate

A

Substances containing oxygen

21
Q

Alcohols

A

Homologous series with functional group -OH

22
Q

Aliphatic

A

Acyclic or cyclic compounds that are non-aromatic (no benzene rings)

23
Q

Alkane

A

Hydrocarbons with general formulae CnH2n+2

24
Q

Arene/Aromatic

A

Cyclic compounds containing rings of delocalised electrons (eg benzene)

25
Q

Ether

A

Compound containing C-O-C group, isomer of alcohol

26
Q

Homologous series

A

A series of compounds with the same general formula, in which each member differs from the next by a CH2 group

27
Q

Isomer

A

Molecules with the same number of each type of atom bonded in a different arrangement

28
Q

Saturated

A

Contains no double cc bonds

29
Q

Unsaturated

A

Contains double CC bonds

30
Q

Addition

A

Reaction in which two molecules bond and no other product is formed

31
Q

Electrophile

A

A molecule or ion that can except a pair of electrons to form a bond to an electron rich atom

32
Q

Addition polymerisation

A

Polymerisation in which small monomers bonded to formal long chain molecules with no other products

33
Q

Carbocation

A

Carbon with a positive charge

34
Q

Co-polymer

A

Polymer found form two different monomers

35
Q

Energy transferred

A

mass of water * SHC of water (4.18h * change in temperature

36
Q

Enthalpy of combustion (equation)

A

Heat energy transferred (j) dived by amount in fuels (moles)

37
Q

Hess’s law

A

The Enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of the route taken from reactants to products, providing the conditions stay the same

Chemistry (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions