Developer Cards Flashcards
1
Q
What are two cons of serverless?
A
- Non-persistent
2. Non-continuous execution
2
Q
Which four services are automation of prosesses?
A
- Microsoft Power Automate
- Azure Logic App
- Azure Function
- App Service WebJobs
3
Q
Which service for automation of prosesses is design-first?
A
- Microsoft Power Automate
2. Azure Logic Apps
4
Q
Which service for automation of prosesses is code-first?
A
- Azure Functions
2. App Service WebJobs
5
Q
What is the difference between Azure Functions and App Service WebJobs?
A
- Azure Functions: scales automatically
- App Service WebJobs: does not scale automatically
6
Q
Which service to choose if design-first and users will develop the workflow?
A
Microsoft Power Automate
7
Q
Which service to choose if design-first and developers will develop the workflow?
A
Azure Logic App
8
Q
Which service to choose if code-first and part of an existing App Service app?
A
App Service WebJobs
9
Q
Which service to choose if code-first and need to customize JobHost?
A
Azure Function
10
Q
Which service automates, orchestrate and integrate components with designing workflows graphical or in JSON?
A
Azure Logic App
11
Q
Which service can create workflow with almost no development or IT experience?
A
Azure Logic App
12
Q
Which service is part of Azure App Service to run program or script automatically?
A
App Service WebJobs
13
Q
Which service runs simple code in cloud without infrastructure?
A
Azure Functions
14
Q
What is it called when a cloud provider manages provisioning and maintenance of infrastructure?
A
Serverless computing
15
Q
What are some benefits of serverless computing?
A
- Fully managed
- Pay-for-use
- Elastic
- Stateless logic
- Event driven
- Functions can be re-used
16
Q
What are drawbacks of serverless computing?
A
- Execution time
2. Execution frequency
17
Q
What is an execution context that hosts functions?
A
Function app
18
Q
What logically structures functions and compute resources?
A
Function app
19
Q
What service plan runs a function continuously on a VM?
A
Azure App Service plan
20
Q
What service plan is serverless, elastic payment and has timeout?
A
Consumption Service plan
21
Q
How many triggers can a function have?
A
1
22
Q
What connects data and services to functions?
A
Bindings
23
Q
In what format are bindings written?
A
JSON
24
Q
What objects define how Azure functions are invoked?
A
Triggers
25
What trigger executes a function at consistent level?
Timer trigger
26
What is a CRON expression?
{second} {minute} {hour} {day} {month} {day of the week}
| Four characters: * , - /
27
What key has a scope that applies to all functions inside the function app?
Host key
28
What key has a scope that applies to only one function?
Function key
29
What are the authorization levels in Azure?
1. Function
2. Anonymous
3. Admin
30
What authentication level demands no authentication?
Anonymous
31
What authentication level needs only host key?
Admin
32
What authentication level needs both host key and function key?
Function
33
What are the three blob types in Azure Blob storage?
1. Block blobs
2. Append blobs
3. Page blobs
34
What blob type is good for constantly updated blobs?
Append blobs
35
What blob type is good for frequent random write and read operations?
Page blobs
36
What is a HTTP trigger?
Executes a function with HTTP request
37
What is Blob trigger?
Executes a function when file uploaded or updated in Azure Blob storage
38
What is the path for files in Azure Blob storage?
{blob-container}/{filename}
39
What are the two forms of bindings?
1. Input bindings
| 2. Output bindings
40
What four things do we need from a binding?
1. Name
2. Type (data/service)
3. Direction (in/out)
4. Connection (optional, name of app key setting with connection string).
41
In what format are bindings written?
JSON
42
What extensions of Azure functions perform long-lasting, stateful operations?
Durable Functions
43
What benefits are there to Durable functions?
1. Serverless
2. Managed state
3. Event driven code
4. Chaining functions
44
What benefits are there to orchestration functions?
1. Define workflow in code
2. Functions can be called async or non-async
3. Output saved locally and can be used in subsequent functions
4. Can dehydrate function and save state. Rehydrate and restore state when running again.
45
What are the three Durable Functions?
1. Client
2. Orchestrator
3. Activity
46
What Durable Function is the entry point for creating a Durable Function and can run in reponse to event?
Client
47
What Durable Function orchestrates functions by describing how actions are executed and in order they run?
Orchestrator
48
What Durable Function is the basic unit of work in orchestration and contains the actual work in an orchestration?
Activity
49
Does Durable Functions or Logic Apps have the most built-in bindings?
Logic Apps
50
Does Durable Functions or Logic Apps have the most custom written activity?
Durable Functions
51
What service can monitor Durable Functions?
Azure Application Insights
52
What services can monitor Logic Apps?
- Azure portal
| - Monitor logs
53
Where can Logic Apps be run?
Only in cloud
54
Where can Durable Functions be run?
Both locally and in cloud
55
Where can Durable Functions be run?
Both locally and in cloud
56
Draw each of these workflows:
1. Function chaining
2. Fan out/fan in
3. Async HTTP APIs
4. Monitor
5. Human interaction
57
What can we use to develop and run functions locally with CLI?
Azure Function Core Tools
58
What command can we use to run Azure Function Core Tools?
func
59
Who do all functions in Azure belong to?
Functions app
60
What do functions in an app share?
Common config values
61
What do local functions belong to?
Functions project
62
What folder contains code and configurations files for functions?
Functions project
63
What command can we create functions project with?
func init
64
What file in functions project stores runtime config values and used both locally and in Azure?
host.json
65
What file in functions project stores config values that apply to functions only locally in Core Tools?
local.settings.json
66
What command can we create a new function?
func new
67
What command can we start functions locally?
func start
68
What command can we use to create function app?
az functionapp create
69
What command can we use to publish functions app to Azure?
func azure functionapp publish
70
Can Core Tools validate or test functions?
No
71
What service can write, debug and deploy Azure functions?
Azure portal
72
What is a mechanism for apps to nofity other services when event occurs via HTTP endpoints?
Webhook
73
What is a benefit to ensure secrets with Webhooks?
Hash signatures passed in request headers
74
What abstraction of series of technologies allows app two-way communication with client and server?
SignalR
75
What are two advantages of SignalR?
1. Future-proof app
| 2. Allows apps to gracefully degrade
76
What service supports transport fallback?
SignalR
77
Does SignalR have persistent communication between client and server?
Yes
78
Does SignalR handle connection management automatically or manually?
Automatically
79
What two services can be used to build Microservices architecture?
- Azure Functions
| - Azure API Management
80
What service allows us to construct an API from disparate microservices?
Azure API Management
81
What service is fully managed cloud service to publish, secure, transform, maintain and monitor APIs?
Azure API Management
82
What can Azure API Management enforce?
- Consistent rules
| - Consistent security requirements
83
What two things are a datagram?
1. Messages
| 2. Events
84
What datagram is meant for raw data?
Messages
85
What datagram sends the data itself?
Messages
86
What datagram are consumed by components?
Messages
87
What datagram is lightweight notification?
Events
88
What datagram can reference data address?
Events
89
What datagram does the sender have no expectations?
Events
90
What datagrams can be sent to none or many receivers?
Events
91
What datagram should we use to send either data itself or payload to be processed by receiver?
Messages
92
What datagram should we use to neither send the data itself nor the payload?
Events
93
What four Azure services relate to datagrams?
- Azure Queue Storage
- Azure Event Grid
- Azure Event Hubs
- Azure Service Bus
94
What three Azure services relate to queues?
- Azure Queue Storage
- Azure Service Bus Queue
- Azure Service Bus Topic
95
What queue service is a message broker system for enterprise apps?
Azure Service Bus Queue
96
What queue service can have multiple subscribers and queues are processed by subscriber branches?
Azure Service Bus Topic
97
What queue service uses Azure Storage to store large number of queues?
Azure Queue Storage
98
What restricts the capacity of messages through Azure Queue Storage?
Storage capacity
99
What queue service to choose if multiple receivers to handle message?
Azure Service Bus Topic
100
What queue service to choose if delivery guarantee, not too large queues (max 80 GB), publish/consume in batches?
Azure Service Bus Queues
101
What queue service to choose if need audit trail of messages in queue, large queues (over 80 GB) and track progress of message in queue?
Azure Queue Storage
102
What fully-managed event routing service runs on top of Azure Service Fabric?
Azure Grid
103
What service distributes events from different sources to different handlers?
Azure Grid
104
What are endpoints where publishers send events?
Topics
105
What are built-in topics called?
System topics
106
What are app and third-party topics called?
Custom topics
107
How large can event files be?
Up to 64 Kb
108
What format are event files?
JSON
109
What are endpoint to route events?
Event subscriptions
110
How can we filter events?
Event subscriptions
111
What are the five reasons for using Azure Event Grid?
- Simplicity: connect sources to subs in EG
- Advanced filtering: subs can control events from topics
- Fan-out: can subscribe to unlimited number of endpoints to same event and topic
- Reliability: retries event delivery up to 24 hours for each sub
- Pay-per-event: pay only for transmitted events
112
What is Azure Event Grid not used for?
Streams
113
What service is an intermediate for pub-sub communication pattern?
Events Hubs
114
Why is Events Hubs important?
- Optimized for high throughput
- Optimized for large number of pubs
- Optimized for security
- Optimized for resiliency
115
Which service allows us to build big data pipeline for processing millions of events/sec with low latency?
Events Hubs
116
How does Events Hubs transmit communication?
Partitions
117
What is the default number of partitions for Events Hubs?
4
118
What is the maximum size of a single publisher in Events Hubs?
1 Mb
119
What is Events Hubs used for?
- Authenticate large number of pubs
- Save stream to Data Lake or Blob
- Aggregation or analytics on data stream
- Reliable messaging or resiliency
120
What service can store relational databases?
Azure SQL Database
121
What service can store NoSQL databases?
CosmosDB
122
What do we call a logical group of database operations executed together?
Transactions
123
What is OLTP?
Online Transaction Processing
124
What is OLAP?
Online Analytical Processing
125
What acronym is used for transactional databases?
OLTP
126
Is CosmosDB a OLTP or OLAP?
OLTP
127
What is the difference between OLTP and OLAP?
- OLTP: many users; quick response; large data; highly available; small transactions
- OLAP: few users; slow response; less available; large and complex transactions
128
What can Azure Storage store?
- Blob
- Files
- Queues
- Tables
129
What is CORS?
Cross-origin resource sharing
130
What storing service supports CORS?
Azure Storage
131
What is a Storage account?
Group of set of Azure Storage services
132
What is the purpose of a Storage account?
Apply rules to all storages at the same time
133
Where is a Storage account included?
Resource groups (can hold many)
134
What is LRS?
Locally redundant storage
135
What is GRS?
Geo-redundant storage
136
What is ZRS?
Zone redundant storage
137
What storage replicates data three times within single physical location in primary region?
LRS
138
What storage copies data async three times within single physical location in multiple regions?
GRS
139
What storage copies data async across three Azure AZ in primary region?
ZRS
140
How is encryption at rest handled in Azure Storage?
Encrypted by Storage Service Encryption (SSE) with 256-bits AES
141
What service encrypts VMs?
Azure Disk Encryption
142
What service can handle passwords and keys?
Azure Key Vault
143
How can encryption in transit be handled in Azure Storage?
- Enable transport-level security between Azure and client
| - Use HTTP
144
What service logs all operations on Azure Storage?
Storage Analytics
145
What are Storage account keys?
Shared keys that give access to everything on storage account
146
What is SAS?
Shared access signature
147
What string of security token can be attached to URI in Azure Storage?
SAS
148
What is the SAS level called to access specific resources?
Service level
149
What is the SAS level called to access service-level plus more resources and abilities?
Account level
150
What is the default access to Azure Storage?
All connections from clients on any network is accepted
151
What service detects anomalies in Azure Storage account activity?
Advanced Threat Protection
152
How is the security of Azure Data Lake Storage?
Inherits security from Azure Storage
153
What is a blob?
Unstructured data
154
Where does a blob reside?
Container
155
Can containers store containers?
No, only blobs
156
How many types of blobs are there?
3
157
What type of blob is good for random access read and writes?
Page blobs
158
What type of blob is specialized to support only appending data (not update or delete)?
Append blobs
159
What type of blob is good for different sizes uploaded independently and in parallel?
Block blobs
160
Which service recommends optimization of costs, availability, security, performance etc.?
Azure Advisor
161
Which service gives insight into cost, historical breakdown of cost, budgets, scheduled reports?
Azure Cost Management
162
Which service predicts and analyzes spending for new or existing services?
Azure TCO Calculator
163
Which license lets customers use Microsoft Server licenses for VMs on Azure?
Azure Hybrid Benefit
164
What is a resource group?
Logical container of resources
165
What must all resources belong to?
Resource group
166
How can resource groups have lifecycle policies?
Azure Policy
167
What allows type of permissions can we apply to resource groups?
RBAC - role-based access control
168
What service offers on-demand scalable computing resources?
Azure VMs
169
What service is the connection between Azure VMs and Azure services?
Virtual Networks
170
Which services can create Virtual Networks?
- Azure Resource Manager
- Azure Powershell
- Azure CLI
- Azure REST API
- Azure Client SDK
- Azure VM Extensions
- Azure Automation Services
171
What addresses does Azure reserve on subnets?
First and last
172
What is the default security between subnets?
No boundary between subnets
173
What can impose security on subnets?
Network Security Groups (NSG)
174
What is an availability set?
Logical feature such that a group of VMs are fault tolerant and not all are upgraded at same time
175
What does an Azure Resource consist of?
- VM
- Storage account for disks
- Virtual network
- Network interface to communicate on network
- Network Security Group(s) to secure network traffic
- Public internet access (optional)
176
How does the location of VM impact performance?
Close location to user gives low latency
177
How is the pricing model for VMs?
Depends upon services, hardware options and pricing
178
Can we resize VMs?
Yes, but running VMs must be rebooted for resizing to take place
179
What are some workload options for VMs?
- General purpose
- Compute optimized
- Memory optimized
- Storage optimized
- GPU
- High performance
180
What is the compute costs for VMs?
Cost per-hour-basis billed per-minute basis
181
What is the storage costs for VMs?
Charged separately for storage VM users
182
What is Reserved Virtual Machines (RI)?
Upfront purchase for 1-3 years in specific region. Good for continuous work and predictibility
183
How is the storage of a VM organized?
At least two disks:
- Disk 1: OS
- Disk 2: temp storage
Data in Azure Storage as Page blobs
184
What type of disks does Azure Storage support?
Managed and unmanaged disks
185
What service offers back-up with pay-as-you-go?
Azure Backup
