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AZ-204 > Developer Cards > Flashcards

Developer Cards Flashcards

1
Q

What are two cons of serverless?

A
  1. Non-persistent

2. Non-continuous execution

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2
Q

Which four services are automation of prosesses?

A
  1. Microsoft Power Automate
  2. Azure Logic App
  3. Azure Function
  4. App Service WebJobs
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3
Q

Which service for automation of prosesses is design-first?

A
  1. Microsoft Power Automate

2. Azure Logic Apps

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4
Q

Which service for automation of prosesses is code-first?

A
  1. Azure Functions

2. App Service WebJobs

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5
Q

What is the difference between Azure Functions and App Service WebJobs?

A
  • Azure Functions: scales automatically

- App Service WebJobs: does not scale automatically

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6
Q

Which service to choose if design-first and users will develop the workflow?

A

Microsoft Power Automate

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7
Q

Which service to choose if design-first and developers will develop the workflow?

A

Azure Logic App

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8
Q

Which service to choose if code-first and part of an existing App Service app?

A

App Service WebJobs

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9
Q

Which service to choose if code-first and need to customize JobHost?

A

Azure Function

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10
Q

Which service automates, orchestrate and integrate components with designing workflows graphical or in JSON?

A

Azure Logic App

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11
Q

Which service can create workflow with almost no development or IT experience?

A

Azure Logic App

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12
Q

Which service is part of Azure App Service to run program or script automatically?

A

App Service WebJobs

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13
Q

Which service runs simple code in cloud without infrastructure?

A

Azure Functions

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14
Q

What is it called when a cloud provider manages provisioning and maintenance of infrastructure?

A

Serverless computing

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15
Q

What are some benefits of serverless computing?

A
  1. Fully managed
  2. Pay-for-use
  3. Elastic
  4. Stateless logic
  5. Event driven
  6. Functions can be re-used
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16
Q

What are drawbacks of serverless computing?

A
  1. Execution time

2. Execution frequency

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17
Q

What is an execution context that hosts functions?

A

Function app

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18
Q

What logically structures functions and compute resources?

A

Function app

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19
Q

What service plan runs a function continuously on a VM?

A

Azure App Service plan

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20
Q

What service plan is serverless, elastic payment and has timeout?

A

Consumption Service plan

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21
Q

How many triggers can a function have?

A

1

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22
Q

What connects data and services to functions?

A

Bindings

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23
Q

In what format are bindings written?

A

JSON

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24
Q

What objects define how Azure functions are invoked?

A

Triggers

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25
Q

What trigger executes a function at consistent level?

A

Timer trigger

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26
Q

What is a CRON expression?

A

{second} {minute} {hour} {day} {month} {day of the week}

Four characters: * , - /

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27
Q

What key has a scope that applies to all functions inside the function app?

A

Host key

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28
Q

What key has a scope that applies to only one function?

A

Function key

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29
Q

What are the authorization levels in Azure?

A
  1. Function
  2. Anonymous
  3. Admin
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30
Q

What authentication level demands no authentication?

A

Anonymous

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31
Q

What authentication level needs only host key?

A

Admin

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32
Q

What authentication level needs both host key and function key?

A

Function

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33
Q

What are the three blob types in Azure Blob storage?

A
  1. Block blobs
  2. Append blobs
  3. Page blobs
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34
Q

What blob type is good for constantly updated blobs?

A

Append blobs

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35
Q

What blob type is good for frequent random write and read operations?

A

Page blobs

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36
Q

What is a HTTP trigger?

A

Executes a function with HTTP request

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37
Q

What is Blob trigger?

A

Executes a function when file uploaded or updated in Azure Blob storage

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38
Q

What is the path for files in Azure Blob storage?

A

{blob-container}/{filename}

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39
Q

What are the two forms of bindings?

A
  1. Input bindings

2. Output bindings

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40
Q

What four things do we need from a binding?

A
  1. Name
  2. Type (data/service)
  3. Direction (in/out)
  4. Connection (optional, name of app key setting with connection string).
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41
Q

In what format are bindings written?

A

JSON

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42
Q

What extensions of Azure functions perform long-lasting, stateful operations?

A

Durable Functions

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43
Q

What benefits are there to Durable functions?

A
  1. Serverless
  2. Managed state
  3. Event driven code
  4. Chaining functions
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44
Q

What benefits are there to orchestration functions?

A
  1. Define workflow in code
  2. Functions can be called async or non-async
  3. Output saved locally and can be used in subsequent functions
  4. Can dehydrate function and save state. Rehydrate and restore state when running again.
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45
Q

What are the three Durable Functions?

A
  1. Client
  2. Orchestrator
  3. Activity
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46
Q

What Durable Function is the entry point for creating a Durable Function and can run in reponse to event?

A

Client

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47
Q

What Durable Function orchestrates functions by describing how actions are executed and in order they run?

A

Orchestrator

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48
Q

What Durable Function is the basic unit of work in orchestration and contains the actual work in an orchestration?

A

Activity

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49
Q

Does Durable Functions or Logic Apps have the most built-in bindings?

A

Logic Apps

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50
Q

Does Durable Functions or Logic Apps have the most custom written activity?

A

Durable Functions

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51
Q

What service can monitor Durable Functions?

A

Azure Application Insights

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52
Q

What services can monitor Logic Apps?

A
  • Azure portal

- Monitor logs

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53
Q

Where can Logic Apps be run?

A

Only in cloud

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54
Q

Where can Durable Functions be run?

A

Both locally and in cloud

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55
Q

Where can Durable Functions be run?

A

Both locally and in cloud

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56
Q

Draw each of these workflows:

A
  1. Function chaining
  2. Fan out/fan in
  3. Async HTTP APIs
  4. Monitor
  5. Human interaction
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57
Q

What can we use to develop and run functions locally with CLI?

A

Azure Function Core Tools

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58
Q

What command can we use to run Azure Function Core Tools?

A

func

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59
Q

Who do all functions in Azure belong to?

A

Functions app

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60
Q

What do functions in an app share?

A

Common config values

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61
Q

What do local functions belong to?

A

Functions project

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62
Q

What folder contains code and configurations files for functions?

A

Functions project

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63
Q

What command can we create functions project with?

A

func init

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64
Q

What file in functions project stores runtime config values and used both locally and in Azure?

A

host.json

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65
Q

What file in functions project stores config values that apply to functions only locally in Core Tools?

A

local.settings.json

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66
Q

What command can we create a new function?

A

func new

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67
Q

What command can we start functions locally?

A

func start

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68
Q

What command can we use to create function app?

A

az functionapp create

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69
Q

What command can we use to publish functions app to Azure?

A

func azure functionapp publish

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70
Q

Can Core Tools validate or test functions?

A

No

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71
Q

What service can write, debug and deploy Azure functions?

A

Azure portal

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72
Q

What is a mechanism for apps to nofity other services when event occurs via HTTP endpoints?

A

Webhook

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73
Q

What is a benefit to ensure secrets with Webhooks?

A

Hash signatures passed in request headers

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74
Q

What abstraction of series of technologies allows app two-way communication with client and server?

A

SignalR

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75
Q

What are two advantages of SignalR?

A
  1. Future-proof app

2. Allows apps to gracefully degrade

76
Q

What service supports transport fallback?

A

SignalR

77
Q

Does SignalR have persistent communication between client and server?

A

Yes

78
Q

Does SignalR handle connection management automatically or manually?

A

Automatically

79
Q

What two services can be used to build Microservices architecture?

A
  • Azure Functions

- Azure API Management

80
Q

What service allows us to construct an API from disparate microservices?

A

Azure API Management

81
Q

What service is fully managed cloud service to publish, secure, transform, maintain and monitor APIs?

A

Azure API Management

82
Q

What can Azure API Management enforce?

A
  • Consistent rules

- Consistent security requirements

83
Q

What two things are a datagram?

A
  1. Messages

2. Events

84
Q

What datagram is meant for raw data?

A

Messages

85
Q

What datagram sends the data itself?

A

Messages

86
Q

What datagram are consumed by components?

A

Messages

87
Q

What datagram is lightweight notification?

A

Events

88
Q

What datagram can reference data address?

A

Events

89
Q

What datagram does the sender have no expectations?

A

Events

90
Q

What datagrams can be sent to none or many receivers?

A

Events

91
Q

What datagram should we use to send either data itself or payload to be processed by receiver?

A

Messages

92
Q

What datagram should we use to neither send the data itself nor the payload?

A

Events

93
Q

What four Azure services relate to datagrams?

A
  • Azure Queue Storage
  • Azure Event Grid
  • Azure Event Hubs
  • Azure Service Bus
94
Q

What three Azure services relate to queues?

A
  • Azure Queue Storage
  • Azure Service Bus Queue
  • Azure Service Bus Topic
95
Q

What queue service is a message broker system for enterprise apps?

A

Azure Service Bus Queue

96
Q

What queue service can have multiple subscribers and queues are processed by subscriber branches?

A

Azure Service Bus Topic

97
Q

What queue service uses Azure Storage to store large number of queues?

A

Azure Queue Storage

98
Q

What restricts the capacity of messages through Azure Queue Storage?

A

Storage capacity

99
Q

What queue service to choose if multiple receivers to handle message?

A

Azure Service Bus Topic

100
Q

What queue service to choose if delivery guarantee, not too large queues (max 80 GB), publish/consume in batches?

A

Azure Service Bus Queues

101
Q

What queue service to choose if need audit trail of messages in queue, large queues (over 80 GB) and track progress of message in queue?

A

Azure Queue Storage

102
Q

What fully-managed event routing service runs on top of Azure Service Fabric?

A

Azure Grid

103
Q

What service distributes events from different sources to different handlers?

A

Azure Grid

104
Q

What are endpoints where publishers send events?

A

Topics

105
Q

What are built-in topics called?

A

System topics

106
Q

What are app and third-party topics called?

A

Custom topics

107
Q

How large can event files be?

A

Up to 64 Kb

108
Q

What format are event files?

A

JSON

109
Q

What are endpoint to route events?

A

Event subscriptions

110
Q

How can we filter events?

A

Event subscriptions

111
Q

What are the five reasons for using Azure Event Grid?

A
  • Simplicity: connect sources to subs in EG
  • Advanced filtering: subs can control events from topics
  • Fan-out: can subscribe to unlimited number of endpoints to same event and topic
  • Reliability: retries event delivery up to 24 hours for each sub
  • Pay-per-event: pay only for transmitted events
112
Q

What is Azure Event Grid not used for?

A

Streams

113
Q

What service is an intermediate for pub-sub communication pattern?

A

Events Hubs

114
Q

Why is Events Hubs important?

A
  • Optimized for high throughput
  • Optimized for large number of pubs
  • Optimized for security
  • Optimized for resiliency
115
Q

Which service allows us to build big data pipeline for processing millions of events/sec with low latency?

A

Events Hubs

116
Q

How does Events Hubs transmit communication?

A

Partitions

117
Q

What is the default number of partitions for Events Hubs?

A

4

118
Q

What is the maximum size of a single publisher in Events Hubs?

A

1 Mb

119
Q

What is Events Hubs used for?

A
  • Authenticate large number of pubs
  • Save stream to Data Lake or Blob
  • Aggregation or analytics on data stream
  • Reliable messaging or resiliency
120
Q

What service can store relational databases?

A

Azure SQL Database

121
Q

What service can store NoSQL databases?

A

CosmosDB

122
Q

What do we call a logical group of database operations executed together?

A

Transactions

123
Q

What is OLTP?

A

Online Transaction Processing

124
Q

What is OLAP?

A

Online Analytical Processing

125
Q

What acronym is used for transactional databases?

A

OLTP

126
Q

Is CosmosDB a OLTP or OLAP?

A

OLTP

127
Q

What is the difference between OLTP and OLAP?

A
  • OLTP: many users; quick response; large data; highly available; small transactions
  • OLAP: few users; slow response; less available; large and complex transactions
128
Q

What can Azure Storage store?

A
  • Blob
  • Files
  • Queues
  • Tables
129
Q

What is CORS?

A

Cross-origin resource sharing

130
Q

What storing service supports CORS?

A

Azure Storage

131
Q

What is a Storage account?

A

Group of set of Azure Storage services

132
Q

What is the purpose of a Storage account?

A

Apply rules to all storages at the same time

133
Q

Where is a Storage account included?

A

Resource groups (can hold many)

134
Q

What is LRS?

A

Locally redundant storage

135
Q

What is GRS?

A

Geo-redundant storage

136
Q

What is ZRS?

A

Zone redundant storage

137
Q

What storage replicates data three times within single physical location in primary region?

A

LRS

138
Q

What storage copies data async three times within single physical location in multiple regions?

A

GRS

139
Q

What storage copies data async across three Azure AZ in primary region?

A

ZRS

140
Q

How is encryption at rest handled in Azure Storage?

A

Encrypted by Storage Service Encryption (SSE) with 256-bits AES

141
Q

What service encrypts VMs?

A

Azure Disk Encryption

142
Q

What service can handle passwords and keys?

A

Azure Key Vault

143
Q

How can encryption in transit be handled in Azure Storage?

A
  • Enable transport-level security between Azure and client

- Use HTTP

144
Q

What service logs all operations on Azure Storage?

A

Storage Analytics

145
Q

What are Storage account keys?

A

Shared keys that give access to everything on storage account

146
Q

What is SAS?

A

Shared access signature

147
Q

What string of security token can be attached to URI in Azure Storage?

A

SAS

148
Q

What is the SAS level called to access specific resources?

A

Service level

149
Q

What is the SAS level called to access service-level plus more resources and abilities?

A

Account level

150
Q

What is the default access to Azure Storage?

A

All connections from clients on any network is accepted

151
Q

What service detects anomalies in Azure Storage account activity?

A

Advanced Threat Protection

152
Q

How is the security of Azure Data Lake Storage?

A

Inherits security from Azure Storage

153
Q

What is a blob?

A

Unstructured data

154
Q

Where does a blob reside?

A

Container

155
Q

Can containers store containers?

A

No, only blobs

156
Q

How many types of blobs are there?

A

3

157
Q

What type of blob is good for random access read and writes?

A

Page blobs

158
Q

What type of blob is specialized to support only appending data (not update or delete)?

A

Append blobs

159
Q

What type of blob is good for different sizes uploaded independently and in parallel?

A

Block blobs

160
Q

Which service recommends optimization of costs, availability, security, performance etc.?

A

Azure Advisor

161
Q

Which service gives insight into cost, historical breakdown of cost, budgets, scheduled reports?

A

Azure Cost Management

162
Q

Which service predicts and analyzes spending for new or existing services?

A

Azure TCO Calculator

163
Q

Which license lets customers use Microsoft Server licenses for VMs on Azure?

A

Azure Hybrid Benefit

164
Q

What is a resource group?

A

Logical container of resources

165
Q

What must all resources belong to?

A

Resource group

166
Q

How can resource groups have lifecycle policies?

A

Azure Policy

167
Q

What allows type of permissions can we apply to resource groups?

A

RBAC - role-based access control

168
Q

What service offers on-demand scalable computing resources?

A

Azure VMs

169
Q

What service is the connection between Azure VMs and Azure services?

A

Virtual Networks

170
Q

Which services can create Virtual Networks?

A
  • Azure Resource Manager
  • Azure Powershell
  • Azure CLI
  • Azure REST API
  • Azure Client SDK
  • Azure VM Extensions
  • Azure Automation Services
171
Q

What addresses does Azure reserve on subnets?

A

First and last

172
Q

What is the default security between subnets?

A

No boundary between subnets

173
Q

What can impose security on subnets?

A

Network Security Groups (NSG)

174
Q

What is an availability set?

A

Logical feature such that a group of VMs are fault tolerant and not all are upgraded at same time

175
Q

What does an Azure Resource consist of?

A
  • VM
  • Storage account for disks
  • Virtual network
  • Network interface to communicate on network
  • Network Security Group(s) to secure network traffic
  • Public internet access (optional)
176
Q

How does the location of VM impact performance?

A

Close location to user gives low latency

177
Q

How is the pricing model for VMs?

A

Depends upon services, hardware options and pricing

178
Q

Can we resize VMs?

A

Yes, but running VMs must be rebooted for resizing to take place

179
Q

What are some workload options for VMs?

A
  • General purpose
  • Compute optimized
  • Memory optimized
  • Storage optimized
  • GPU
  • High performance
180
Q

What is the compute costs for VMs?

A

Cost per-hour-basis billed per-minute basis

181
Q

What is the storage costs for VMs?

A

Charged separately for storage VM users

182
Q

What is Reserved Virtual Machines (RI)?

A

Upfront purchase for 1-3 years in specific region. Good for continuous work and predictibility

183
Q

How is the storage of a VM organized?

A

At least two disks:

  • Disk 1: OS
  • Disk 2: temp storage

Data in Azure Storage as Page blobs

184
Q

What type of disks does Azure Storage support?

A

Managed and unmanaged disks

185
Q

What service offers back-up with pay-as-you-go?

A

Azure Backup

AZ-204 (1 decks)

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