Dev. Vocab Flashcards
SCHEMA
specific plans for knowing the world.
assimilation
process of fitting objects & experiences into one’s schemas
accommodation
adjustment of one’s schemas to include newly observed events & experiences
object permenance
a child’s realization that an object exists even when he or she cannot see or touch it.
jean piaget
described the changes that occur in children’s understanding in four stages of cognitive development.
representational thought
ability to
picture an object in one’s mind.
conservation
the principle that a given quantity does not change when its appearance is changed.
requires the child to consider other options.
EGOCENTRIC
see the world from their own viewpoint without considering other options.
imprinting
the inherited tendencies or responses that are displayed by newborn animals when they encounter new stimuli in their environment.
CRITICAL PERIOD
a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned.
Konrad Lorenz
discovered imprinting.
separation anxiety
getting frantic when away from parents
harry harlow
concluded that the need for attachment is a need for contact comfort more than a need for food.
mary ainsworth
Mary Dinsmore Ainsworth was an American-Canadian developmental psychologist known for her work in the development of attachment theory.
piaget’s stages of cognitive dev.
sensorimotor
preoperational stage
concrete operations
formal operations
sensorimotor stage characteristics and ex. of schema
No object permanence
No concept of conservation
Responds to stimuli
Clay balls do not exist unless I see them.
preoperational stage characteristics and ex. of schema
No concept of conservation
Does have representational thought
Uses mental symbols/words
Clay balls exist even when I don’t see them. If I flatten a clay ball it has less clay than when it was a ball.
concrete operations
Understands concept of conservation
If I flatten a clay ball, it has the same amount of clay as when it is round.
Formal operations
Understands abstract ideas and hypothetical situations
Can use reason and logic to reach an answer
If I cut a clay ball in half, I will have two balls each with half of the clay of the original ball.
patterns of attachment
Early patterns of attachment, in turn, shape — but do not determine — the individual’s expectations in later relationships. Four different attachment classifications have been identified in children: secure attachment, anxious-ambivalent attachment, anxious-avoidant attachment, and disorganized attachment.
stranger anxiety
getting fussy when a child is around or sees someone they’re unfamiliar with
QUALITATIVE
differences in manner of thinking
CONSERVATION
principle that a given quantity doesnt change when the appearance changes
EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCES B/W THE SENSORIMOTORSTAGE AND THE FORMAL OPERATIONS STAGE
BEHAVIOR: SIMPLE MOTOR RESPONSES TO SENSORY STIMULI. LACKS CONCEPT OF OBJECT PERMANANCE
understand abstracts ideas and hypothetical situations. capable of logical and deductive reasoning
