DEV PSYCH Flashcards
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Fragile baby moves back & forth inside the skull causing bruising , swelling, bleeding.
Shaken baby syndrome
Poor growth, form of neglect
Nonorganic failure to thrive or psychosocial failure
Crying, Screaming waking up
nigh terror
Reaching, grasping, manipulating objects w/ hands
Fine motor skills
Belief that inanimate objects are capable of actions & lifelike qualities
Animisim
Child tendency to focus on one aspect
Centration
ability to think logically to determine particular quantity will remain the same in size and shape
Conservation
learned new words very quickly & easy at age 2
Fast Mapping
Understand that gender is fixed and cannot be changed overtime
Gender Constancy
Common behavior used objects to represent other objects
symbolic play
w/ rules, procedure, & penalties
Formal Games
ability to used symbols & engage in imaginative thinking
Pretend play
pretending to be a hero
Dramatic play
Simplest level, play involving repetitive large mascular movements
Functional play
use of object/ materials to make something
Constructive play
arranging items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or weight now demonstrated as concrete operational child/ arrange in order
Seriation
small muscles
Fine Motor Skills
Bigger Muscles
Gross Motor Skills
leading cause of death among children 5-14 years old?
Unintentional Injuries
Term describes the tendency of children in the preoperational stage to make illogical connections between unrelated events/ whether or not there is causal relationship
Transduction
centered toward the self
Egocentrism
Allows child to determine that certain quantity will remain the same
Conservation
attribution of life to things that not living
Animism
idea that thought & actions & things can be reversed
Reversibility
Pouring water from one container into another of different shapes
inability to understand conservation
Talking to one self
Private Speech
Out/ talking to others
Social Speech
Repetition of words & phrases spoken by someone else by age 3
echolalia
Form of egocentric, unsocialized speech
Collective Monologue
how we value & perceive ourselves
self-esteem
Self-esteem not realistic
5-7 years old
By age 4, dropped the plate and scolding harshly
Feelings of Guilt
Gender recognition that remains the same despite superficial changes
Gender Constancy
Involves Children playing near each other but not directly interacting or influencing behavior
Parralel Play
Plays with other children without a common goal
Associative play
Plays in group for some common goal
Cooperative play
strict rules/unquestioning obedience. Believe punishment as primary means, do not encourage open communication and independence
Authoritarian
warm & nurturing & have minimal expectations. Imposed limited rules, allow children to figure things out for themselves
Permissive
Balances warmth and support w/ clear rules, encourage open communicanition, foster independence.
Authoritative
Lack parental interest/responsiveness to a child
Neglectful
Gender tends to engage more in rough & tumble play during its peak.
Boys, due to cultural & social expectations
Repeating of informaation over & over to keep in short term memory
Rehearsal in Memory
ability to understand the relational properties between object or concepts. Refers to transivity inference
Transivity
Memory devices helps learner recall larger information. Ex: Acronym ROYGBIV
Mnemonics
Excels in understanding others emotions, intentions, motivations likely high
Interpersonal intelligence
Understanding of the self
Intrapersonal intelligence
During the stage of industry vs inferiority primary developmental task for children?
Developing sense of competence & achievement.
-School environment most influential.
Conduct Disorder
includes behavior that violate the rights of others & societal norms
ODD Opposional defiant disorder
begins by age 8, some outgrow ODD. Affect children and teenagers
first menstraution
Menarche
first ejaculation
Spermache
eats large quantities of food then induces vomiting to avoid weight gain.
Bulimia Nervosa
eating large quantities
Binge eating
Fear of weight gain
anorexia nervosa
best illustrates ttype of problem solving of adolescent in formal operational stage?
Systematically testing hypothesis to solve scientific problem
cognitive ability developed in formal operational stage allows adolescents to engage n debates
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
adolescents ability to understand & manipulate abstract concepts like justice & freedom
formal operational stage
ang babaw, avoid punishment/reap rewards
Pre Conventional Morality
Social Order, reached age 10. Internalized standard of Authority
Conventional morality
basis of principle of rights, fairness and justice. Reaches in young adulthood. High level of thinking beyond social order
Post Conventional Morality
Children develop cognitive abilities in an incremental manner correspond in development of the brain.
Information Processing
Become better at solving problem, develop more conciouse awareness
Metacognition
Children learn through social interaction, play peer
Lev Vygotsky
Area of knowledge just beyond child abilities
Zone of proximal development
Kind of support adults & teachers do?
Scaffolding
Do not experience discrete changes or more from one stage to another
is continous Development
Right & wrong is through effects of pleasure vs pain. No moral principles
Pre Conventional (Young children)
Moral decisions are made in terms of laws/general rule.
Conventional (Middle school children)
Decisions are made based on notion of moral relativity
Post Conventional (Adolescents & adults)
A law should be violated if that law violates basic principles of valuing human life
Moral Relativity
Children development occurs through a series of changes in abilities s of EGO.
Erik Erikson
Children develop a inner representation of their relationshp w/ primary caregivers. It becomes basis for adult relationships.
Attachment theory John Bowlby
she devised an expeiment to assess child attachment style
Mary Salter Ainsworth
Young chiildren play w/ mother in a room, then leaves & return
Strange situation experiment
He showed importance of maternal attachment bond in his work w/ infant monkeys
Harry Harlows
Social environment exerts both direct & indirect effect on child development
Urie bronfenbrenner
Lifespan development psychologist
Paul baltes
Expectations associated with specific ages reflected in given culture
Age Graded Normative Influences
effects of living in a gioven time & place that have similar influences to people
History Graded normative influences
Random/ Unpredictable influences
Non Normative influences
