Détente

Question 1

Gulf of Tonkin resolution, which led to increased US involvement in

Answer 1

1964

Question 2

Gulf of Tonkin resolution purpose was to:

Answer 2

Approve and support the determination of the president as commander in chief, in taking all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the US forces and to prevent further aggression

Question 3

Gulf of Tonkin resolution also declared that the maintenance of international peace and security in South East Asia was vital to

Answer 3

American interests and to world peace

Question 4

Gulf of Tonkin resolution also served as the principal constitutional authorisation for the subsequent vast escalation of the US’

Answer 4

military involvement in the Vietnam war

Question 5

Brezhnev became Soviet leader in:

Answer 5

1964

Question 6

Brezhnev was a conservative, therefore brought back a

Answer 6

hard-line approach

Question 7

As a result of Brezhnev’s hard-line approach he reversed many of the

Answer 7

reforms and freedoms introduced by Khrushchev

Question 8

Khrushchev and Mao resorted to bitter personal attacks in 1964, which further deteriorated

Answer 8

Sino-Soviet relations

Question 9

US bombing of North Vietnam occurred in

Answer 9

1965

Question 10

USSR develops its policy of trying to isolate China in international affairs by strengthening its ties with

Answer 10

mongolia
North Korea
North Vietnam

Question 11

Mao launches Cultural Revolution in:

Answer 11

1966

Question 12

Cultural Revolution was Mao’s attempt to:

Answer 12

reassert his beliefs in China

Question 13

Cultural revolution destroyed ‘old china’ and replaced it with communist values. Mao believed that the Russian Revolution had stalled and gone astray known as

Answer 13

socialist realism

Question 14

To carry out support for Cultural Revolution - Red Guard were created. Red Guard is groups of youth who encouraged all the youth in China to criticise those who Mao deemed

Answer 14

untrustworthy

Question 15

(CR) Mao deliberately set out to create a cult for himself and to purge the Communist Chinese Party of anyone who did not fully support

Answer 15

Mao

Question 16

(CR) Enthusiasm of the Red Guards nearly pushed China into social turmoil. Schools and colleges were closed and the economy started to suffer. The chaos was only checked when Zhou Enlai (China Prime Minister) urged for a return to

Answer 16

normality

Question 17

(CR) Red Guard were given the job of cleansing out

Answer 17

western values

Question 18

(CR) The cultural revolution was condemned by:

Answer 18

Moscow

Question 19

Mao used the Cultural revolution to link foreign and domestic policy, in order to strengthen his position as leader of China and of the movement for world revolution. Revisionism among the communist movement was now a much greater threat than

Answer 19

USA - now considered to be a declining power

Question 20

China’s 1st hydrogen bomb

Answer 20

1967

Question 21

Mao attacks USSR leadership as revisionist increase during the cultural revolution - attacks revisionist elements in China in

Answer 21

1968

Question 22

Non-Proliferation treaty

Answer 22

1968

Question 23

the non-proliferation treaty was an agreement signed by several of the major nuclear and non-nuclear powers that pledged their cooperation in

Answer 23

stemming the spread of nuclear technology

Question 24

Non-Proliferation treaty promoted the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and to further the goal of achieving

Answer 24

nuclear disarmament

Question 25

3 pillars of NPT:

Answer 25

Non-proliferation
Disarmament
Peaceful use of nuclear energy

Question 26

(NPT) Non-proliferation: Nuclear Weapon States (CHINA, USSR, FRANCE, UK, USA) agreed

Answer 26

not to transfer “nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices” and “not in any way to assist, encourage, or induce” a non-nuclear weapon state (NNWS) to acquire nuclear weapons

Question 27

(NPT) Disarmament:

Answer 27

desire of treaty signatories to ease international tension and strengthen international trust so as to create someday the conditions for a halt to the production of nuclear weapons, and treaty on general and complete disarmament that liquidates, in particular, nuclear weapons and their delivery vehicles from national arsenals

Question 28

(NPT) Peaceful use of nuclear energy: allows for and agrees upon the transfer of nuclear technology and materials to NPT signatory countries for the development of

Answer 28

civilian nuclear energy programs in those countries, as long as they can demonstrate that their nuclear programs are not being used for the development of nuclear weapons.

Question 29

Brezhnev Doctrine:

Answer 29

1968

Question 30

Brezhnev doctrine stated that any communist state going against central ideas of soviet communism would be

Answer 30

invaded

Question 31

Brezhnev doctrine upset china - mao believed that Brezhnev would invade China like it had done with Czechoslovakia, as mao believed that USSR wanted full control over every

Answer 31

communist state

Question 32

Prague Spring/Soviet invasion of czechoslovakia occurred:

Answer 32

1968

Question 33

Prague Spring is the term used for the brief period of time when Czechoslovakian government led by Dubcek who seemingly wanted to democratise the nation and reduce the control Moscow had on the nation’s…

Answer 33

affairs

Question 34

(Prague Spring) Dubcek embarked on a programme of reform that would have brought back a degree of

Answer 34

political democracy and greater personal freedom

Question 35

(Prague Spring) what reforms were made by Dubcek?

Answer 35

• Freedom of press and press law
• Freedom of movement
• Federalisation of Republic
• Decentralisation - market orientated environment

Question 36

(Prague Spring) Brezhnev saw the reforms as a return to

Answer 36

capitalism

Question 37

(Prague Spring) Dubcek assured Brezhnev that he would stay in the Warsaw Pact - Brezhnev still invaded Czechoslovakia with the impression that the troops represented the Warsaw pact in order for Brezhnev to

Answer 37

reassert the authority of Moscow - BREZHNEV DOCTRINE - warned other communist countries that they would be invaded if went against Moscow (maintain control in Eastern side of Iron Curtain)

Question 38

Nixon = president =

Answer 38

1969

Question 39

Brandt = chancellor of FRG =

Answer 39

1969

Question 40

Ussuri river dispute occured in … and represented that…

Answer 40

1969

sino-soviet relations had reached their lowest

Question 41

Chinese and US ambassadors meet in

Answer 41

1970

Question 42

USSR-FRG Moscow treaty occurred:

Answer 42

1970

Question 43

USSR-FRG Moscow treaty signed between FRG and USSR aimed to strive for a normalisation of the relations between the European states while keeping international peace and to follow the UN guidelines. The signees renounced the use of force and recognised the post WWII broders (Oder-Neisse Line)
It also enshrined the division between East and West Germany, thus contributing a valuable element of

Answer 43

stability into the relationship between the 2 countries

Question 44

Warsaw treaty was signed

Answer 44

1970

Question 45

Warsaw treaty was a treaty between West Germany and People’s Republic of Poland, both sides committed themselves to nonviolence and accepted the existing border (Oder-Neisse line)
Treaty of Warsaw was an important element of the

Answer 45

Ostpolitik

Question 46

Ping-Pong diplomacy occurred in

Answer 46

1971

Question 47

Ping-pong diplomacy created tentative contacts between the Chinese and US governments whereby sporting links between the 2 countries were used as opportunities to

Answer 47

start diplomacy