Designing Interactive Systems Flashcards
Socio-technical design
- User and usage: Understand technology as part a socio-technical system (Perspective of usage
- Business/Strategy: Understand technology as having been developed in a socio-technical system (Perspective of development)
- Technology: Technology as design material is basis - needs to work and be well understood!
All three are equally important, the optimum is harmony
Fields of knowledge
1 User (UX, …): Understand users and activities
2 Business and Strategy (marketing, …): understand business oportunities
3 Technology (functionaliy, …)
Interaction Design
design
user experience
value for users/stakeholders
Software Engineering
- Requirements
- Software architecture
- Coding and unit testing
- Integration and integration testing
- Deployment and maintenance
Theories
contain conceptual models
for:
design activities
users
context of usage
business: business model canvas
technology: contextual design models
Activity Theory
Descriptive theoretical framework that provides a structure to think about human activities
Understanding users and context of use is important for design
Activities: Subject and object in the center, distinction between activity, action and operationalisation
Gegenprogramm zu reiner Sicht auf kognitive menschliche Vorgänge
Activity Theory - Subject Object
uniquely identify the activity
activity shapes both subject and object
Subject – an individual or group which have an Object – an “objectified motive”, a goal – it motivates the activity, and gives it direction
Activity Theory - Tools
Tools mediate activities, change the essential qualities of them
are physical or conceptual
artefacts: have been built, have a historical development process
Activity Theory - Collaborative aspect
subject is embedded in a community
the object is shared inside the community
relationship between subject and community is mediated by rules
relationship between the object and the
community is mediated by a division of labour
Activities
broad patterns directed to an overarching object(ive)
central unit of analysis
context of use
Actions
In order to realise, create, manipulate an object(ive), the subject carries out a sequence of actions. Every action has a particular goal, which contributes to reaching the overall objective.
operations
Actions are operationalised as operations – operations heavily depend on a given situation. Operations don’t have separate goals.
Dynamic hierarchical composition
Concrete actions may become operations through internalization; and operations may become actions if something impedes the operation and needs to be consciously done.
Hierarchical structure of activities
Activities/objects >
Actions/goals >
Operations
Mediation
Tools and the community shape activities; and tools reflect cultural development processes: they were created by other
people who tried to solve similar processes
appopriation:
