Designing epidemiological studies Flashcards
What is a statistic?
A fixed value, derived from a sample that estimates the value in the population (so estimates parameters!)
What is a parameter?
A fixed, often unknown value, which describes an entire population
What is a point estimate?
Estimate of a parameter (is a statistic!)
What is a confidence interval?
The range of values in which there is 95% confidence that the true value lies within these
What is descriptive epidemiology?
Describes the problem (often aggregate-level) +
can be used to inform analytic research
What is analytic epidemiology?
Deploy and test hypotheses (often person-level) which allows to measure association and infer causation
What are examples of descriptive epidemiology?
- Case report
- Case series
- Cross-sectional
- Longitudinal
- Ecological
What are examples of analytical epidemiology?
- Observational
2. Experimental
What is ecological fallacy/aggregation bias?
The assumptions that associations between groups hold between individuals
What is: the assumptions that associations between groups hold between individuals
Ecological fallacy/aggregation bias
